The conclusion summarises the book’s key findings: women could create and exploit diverse, cumulative networks as they moved through their lives; the instability of Attic family life led to a diversity of family structures, which women could construct in dialogue with patriarchal legal frameworks; women shaped the institution of slavery at the most intimate level; income-generating work saw women embrace new forms of self-value, expand their networks, and shape Athens’ economy and materiality; beyond the male institutions of the deme and phratry, women counter-normatively defined their own identities and relationships through their own institutions. It offers suggestions for future directions in scholarship and education. It reflects on how the study of ancient women centred around women’s engagement with other women, rather than their relationships to men, reveals the richness and dynamism of women’s social lives and their remarkable capacity to shape Athenian society and history.