How should we view the relationship between ethics and economics? One of the most salient differences between the two—at least as they are traditionally conceived—involves the different intentions or motivations of agents. They are often regarded as mutually exclusive: ethical motives are other-regarding, while economic ones are self-regarding (and perhaps selfish). If markets give rise to material benefits and, furthermore, those benefits are a consequence of market agents pursuing their self-interest, does that mean we must accept the legitimacy of selfishness or greed? In this chapter we suggest that this picture is too simplistic. We accept that self-interest in the marketplace gives rise to material benefits, and hence we accept forms of behaviour that might elsewhere (in other areas of social life) be condemned, but our analysis shows that morality still has a role to play. This is the moral leeway approach at work, and it involves distinguishing between different varieties of the profit motive.