Fifteen years ago, the triadic neural systems model was proposed as a heuristic tool to study and clarify the neural mechanisms accounting for distinct typical adolescent behaviors. Whereas aspects of the models have been validated, the overall theory has not been comprehensively tested, mainly because of the lack of appropriate samples (i.e., large pediatric sample with follow-ups) and sufficiently powerful analytic tools. This situation can be remediated now, thanks to the availability of large longitudinal datasets and the emergence of machine learning (ML) tools in the neuroscience field. This chapter describes a “vision” of how the triadic neural systems model could be tested using ML methodology. In the name of clarity, fictitious concrete examples are presented, together with a concerted effort to keep this essay quite simple and accessible to the majority of clinical researchers. This comes at the expense of a critical review of assumptions and limitations that accompanies any analytical strategy. To mitigate this caveat, references to comprehensive publications are provided.