Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis: Working Group I Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

doi:10.1017/9781009157896

The Working Group I contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) provides a comprehensive assessment of the physical science basis of climate change. It considers in situ and remote observations; paleoclimate information; understanding of climate drivers and physical, chemical, and biological processes and feedbacks; global and regional climate modelling; advances in methods of analyses; and insights from climate services. It assesses the current state of the climate; human influence on climate in all regions; future climate change including sea level rise; global warming effects including extremes; climate information for risk assessment and regional adaptation; limiting climate change by reaching net zero carbon dioxide emissions and reducing other greenhouse gas emissions; and benefits for air quality. The report serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with the latest policy-relevant information on climate change. Available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

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Contents

Frontmatter
pp i-ii
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Contents
pp iii-iv
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Foreword, Preface and Dedication
pp v-vi
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Foreword
pp vii-viii
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Preface
pp ix-xiv
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Dedication
pp xv-xvi
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Summary for Policymakers
pp 1-2
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SPM - Summary for Policymakers
pp 3-32
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Technical Summary
pp 33-34
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TS - Technical Summary
pp 35-144
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Chapters
pp 145-146
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1 - Framing, Context, and Methods
pp 147-286
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2 - Changing State of the Climate System
pp 287-422
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3 - Human Influence on the Climate System
pp 423-552
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4 - Future Global Climate: Scenario-based Projections and Near-term Information
pp 553-672
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5 - Global Carbon and Other Biogeochemical Cycles and Feedbacks
pp 673-816
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6 - Short-lived Climate Forcers
pp 817-922
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7 - The Earth’s Energy Budget, Climate Feedbacks and Climate Sensitivity
pp 923-1054
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8 - Water Cycle Changes
pp 1055-1210
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9 - Ocean, Cryosphere and Sea Level Change
pp 1211-1362
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10 - Linking Global to Regional Climate Change
pp 1363-1512
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11 - Weather and Climate Extreme Events in a Changing Climate
pp 1513-1766
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12 - Climate Change Information for Regional Impact and for Risk Assessment
pp 1767-1926
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A - Atlas
pp 1927-2058
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Annexes
pp 2059-2060
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AI - Annex I: Observational Products
pp 2061-2086
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AII - Annex II: Models
pp 2087-2138
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AIII - Annex III: Tables of Historical and Projected Well-mixed Greenhouse Gas Mixing Ratios and Effective Radiative Forcing of All Climate Forcers
pp 2139-2152
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AIV - Annex IV: Modes of Variability
pp 2153-2192
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AV - Annex V: Monsoons
pp 2193-2204
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Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis

Working Group I Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

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