This is the first translation into a modern language of Julius Pollux' Onomasticon, the most important surviving example of early Greek lexicography. As such, the Onomasticon contains not just long lists of cognate words and synonyms, but enormous quantities of information about classical institutions (including the symposium, the hunt, and the bureaucratic structure of Athenian government), cultural practices such as gambling and warfare, trades and education, human anatomy, and the theater, along with hundreds of fragments of lost authors, including many comic and tragic poets and orators. This two-volume work includes a fresh Greek text modeled on that of Erich Bethe, a substantial Introduction that contextualizes both the author and the work, including a systematic reevaluation of the manuscript tradition, thousands of interpretative notes and two detailed indexes.