Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
  1. Home
  2. Books
  3. Waste into Weapons
  • Cited by 19
      • Show more authors
      • You may already have access via personal or institutional login
    • Select format
    • Publisher:
      Cambridge University Press
      Publication date:
      05 September 2015
      31 August 2015
      ISBN:
      9781316162989
      9781107099357
      9781107492097
      DOI:
      https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316162989
      Dimensions:
      (228 x 152 mm)
      Weight & Pages:
      0.56kg, 301 Pages
      Dimensions:
      (229 x 152 mm)
      Weight & Pages:
      0.47kg, 306 Pages
      • Series:
      Studies in Environment and History
      Subjects:
      Environmental History, History, Regional History after 1500
    You may already have access via personal or institutional login
    • Selected: Digital
    Add to cart View cart Buy from Cambridge.org
    Series:
    Studies in Environment and History
    Subjects:
    Environmental History, History, Regional History after 1500
    Information

    Book description

    During the Second World War, the United Kingdom faced severe shortages of essential raw materials. To keep its armaments factories running, the British government enlisted millions of people in efforts to recycle a wide range of materials for use in munitions production. Recycling not only supplied British munitions factories with much-needed raw materials - it also played a key role in the efforts of the British government to maintain the morale of its citizens, to secure billions of dollars in Lend-Lease aid from the United States, and to uncover foreign intelligence. However, Britain's wartime recycling campaign came at a cost: it consumed items that would never have been destroyed under normal circumstances, including significant parts of the nation's cultural heritage. Based on extensive archival research, Peter Thorsheim examines the relationship between armaments production, civil liberties, cultural preservation, and diplomacy, making Waste into Weapons the first in-depth history of twentieth-century recycling in Britain.

    Awards

    Shortlisted, 2017 Turku Book Award, Environmental Society for European History and the Rachel Carson Center for Environment and Society

    Reviews

    'An important contribution to our understanding of total war. This is a vivid and original account of the shifts and expedients of warfare as they interacted with the voracious demands of a war economy. This study deserves attention.'

    Jeremy Black - University of Exeter

    'Waste into Weapons is a novel study. Historians have not given due attention to the important role of preserving resources in wartime, which speaks both to the urgency of the war and the kind of sacrifices expected from the citizenry. But as Peter Thorsheim pointedly reminds us, there was an ‘urge to destroy’ parts of the material culture that transcended the patriotic duty of winning the war. This is a book that brings together the materiality and culture of the war like few others.'

    Martin V. Melosi - author of The Sanitary City

    'This is an excellent book. Salvage collection and recycling during the Second World War made a major contribution to the British war effort, and at last we have a full history. Based on extensive research in many archives, Thorsheim finally gives this unique episode in the history of recycling the attention it deserves. The analysis ranges from the strategic and diplomatic to the economic and psychological, providing new insight into the efforts made to secure scrap metal; the sacrifice of historical artifacts, books, and documents; and women’s and children’s contributions as salvage collectors.'

    Ina Zweiniger-Bargielowska - University of Illinois, Chicago

    'This book is written in a lively and accessible way. It reveals that there is still much to learn about this conflict. Aside from being a key text on recycling and salvage in wartime, this book, owing to the breadth and depth in which topics such as the home front, women and Britain’s international relations are examined, is likely to become essential reading for scholars and general readers alike, interested in the complex nature of the Second World War.'

    Mark J. Crowley Source: Twentieth Century British History

    'Waste into Weapons is a timely and insightful addition to the growing literature on waste and recycling. Thorsheim’s meticulous research has amply demonstrated the paradox of the Second World War - that Britons were encouraged and ordered to conserve and recycle in order that the war effort could destroy. Waste into Weapons reveals the militarization of everyday life that redefined rubbish and that destroyed historical artifacts, buildings, and manuscripts. It speaks to the power of propaganda but also to the limits of coercion. This is a must-read for historians of war, the environment, consumption, and waste. Thorsheim’s work is a valuable addition to the literature and is also evidence that the Second World War remains a fruitful field of study.

    Sandra Dawson Source: H-War

    'Waste into Weapons is a very good book that will appeal to scholars and general audiences interested in military history, environmental history, waste management, material culture, and heritage conservation.'

    Alex Souchen Source: Canadian Military History

    Refine List

    Actions for selected content:

    Select all | Deselect all
    • View selected items
    • Export citations
    • Download PDF (zip)
    • Save to Kindle
    • Save to Dropbox
    • Save to Google Drive

    Save Search

    You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

    Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
    Cancel
    ×

    Contents

    Contents
    References

    Bibliography

    Archives

    Bodleian Library, Oxford University, Department of Special Collections and Western Manuscripts

    • Papers of Christopher Addison

    • Papers of Harold Macmillan

    • Papers of Frederick James Marquis, first Earl of Woolton

    Borthwick Institute for Archives, University of York

    • Papers of Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, first Earl of Halifax

    British Library, London

    • British Library Corporate Archives

    Churchill Archives Centre, Churchill College, Cambridge

    • Winston Churchill Papers

    Cumbria Records Office, Barrow

    • Ulverston Urban District Council Records

    East Sussex Record Office, Brighton

    • Archive of Charles Sheppard and Sons of Battle, Solicitors

    • East Sussex County Council Records

    Franklin D. Roosevelt Library (National Archives and Records Administration), Hyde Park, New York

    • President’s Official File

    • Papers of James H. Rowe

    Georgetown University Library Special Collections Research Center, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C.

    • Harry L. Hopkins Papers

    Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Washington, D.C.

    • W. Averell Harriman Papers

    London Metropolitan Archives

    • London County Council Records

    • Middlesex County Council Records

    Modern Records Centre, Warwick University, Coventry

    • Trades Union Congress Records

    U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), College Park, Maryland

    • Office of Lend-Lease Administration Records

    National Archives of England, Wales, and the United Kingdom, Kew (NA)

    • Board of Education: ED 10, 11, 138

    • Board of Trade: BT 11, 28, 64, 87, 213, 258

    • Cabinet Office: CAB 68, 75, 115

    • Exchequer and Audit Department: AO 30

    • Foreign Office: FO 371, 837, 954

    • General Register Office: RG 23

    • Home Office: HO 186, 207

    • Metropolitan Police: MEPO 2

    • Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries: MAF 35, 58

    • Ministry of Aviation: AVIA 11, 15, 22, 38, 46

    • Ministry of Housing and Local Government: HLG 51, 102

    • Ministry of Information: INF 1, 6

    • Ministry of Munitions: MUN 4

    • Ministry of Power: POWE 5

    • Ministry of Supply: SUPP 3, 14

    • Ministry of War Transport: MT 59

    • Ministry of Works: WORK 14, 16, 19, 22

    • Prime Minister's Office: PREM 1, 3, 8

    • Public Record Office: PRO 30

    • Treasury: T 160, 161, 162, 172

    • War Office: WO 107

    National Library of Wales, Aberystwyth

    • Papers of Megan Lloyd George

    Nuffield College Library, Oxford University

    • Papers of Frederick Alexander Lindemann, Viscount Cherwell of Oxford

    Parliamentary Archives, London

    • Papers of William Maxwell Aitken, first Baron Beaverbrook

    Royal Voluntary Service Archive & Heritage Collection, Devizes

    • Records of Women's Voluntary Services

    Shakespeare Centre Library and Archive, Stratford-upon-Avon

    • Reformed Borough of Stratford-upon-Avon Records

    University College London, Special Collections

    • Library Association Records

    University of Virginia Library, Special Collections, Charlottesville, Virginia

    • Edward R. Stettinius Jr. Papers (Accession #2723-z)

    Walsall Local History Centre

    • Files of Correspondence concerning Salvage during World War II (235/1–5)

    The Women's Library, London School of Economics

    • Records of the National Federation of Women's Institutes

    Oral History

    • Jackson, Evelyn. Interview by Peter Thorsheim. St. Leonards-on-Sea, 27 July 2009.

    Newspapers

    • Bath Weekly Chronicle and Herald

    • Daily Telegraph

    • Devon and Exeter Gazette

    • Farmer and Stockbreeder

    • Gloucestershire Echo

    • Graphic (London)

    • Hastings & St. Leonards Observer

    • Manchester Guardian

    • New York Times

    • News Chronicle

    • Press and Journal (Aberdeen)

    • Spectator

    • Sunday Express

    • Sunday Times (London)

    • Times (London)

    • Tottenham and Edmonton Weekly Herald

    • Tottenham Calling

    • Tribune (London)

    • Walsall Observer

    • Walsall Times

    • A Week of the War

    • Western Daily Press and Bristol Mirror

    • Western Morning News (Devon)

    • Yorkshire Post

    Contemporary Publications

    “Aircraft from Pots and Pans.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 20 July 1940, 2–3.
    The Amazing Story of Weapons Made from Waste. London: Odhams, 1942.
    “Ancient Records for Pulp?” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 23 Nov. 1940, 15.
    “The Appeal for Aluminium.” WVS Bulletin, Aug. 1940, 1.
    “Arms and the Scrap.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 22 Feb. 1941, 2.
    “A Big Task: Where the Cleansing Service Comes in.” Public Cleansing, Jan. 1940, 144.
    “Bones for War Purposes.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 17 Aug. 1940, 3.
    “Book Recovery.” Library Association Record 45 (Oct. 1943): 174.
    “Books Wanted.” Public Cleansing and Salvage, Feb. 1943, 195.
    “Britain Buys U.S.A. Scrap.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 31 Aug. 1940, 3.
    Central Parish Councils Committee. Salvage in Rural Areas. London: National Council of Social Service, 1944.
    Chudleigh, C. A. E. “Apathy and Waste.” Spectator 164 (23 Feb. 1940): 245.
    City of Bath Salvage Scheme. Bath: n.p., n.d. [1941].
    “Control of War Materials.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 9 Sept. 1939, 2.
    Crowther, Geoffrey. Ways and Means of War. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1940.
    “Crystal Palace North Tower Felled.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 19 April 1941, 9.
    Dawes, J. C. “Making Use of Waste Products.” Journal of the Royal Society of Arts 90 (15 May 1942): 388–408.
    Dawes, J. C. “Notes on the Work of the Ministry of Supply Salvage Department and Municipal Salvage.” Public Cleansing, Sept. 1941, 8–14.
    Dawes, J. C. Report of an Investigation into the Public Cleansing Service in the Administrative County of London. London: HMSO, 1929.
    deWilde, John C., Green, James Frederick, and Trueblood, Howard J.. “Europe's Economic War Potential.” Foreign Policy Reports 15 (15 Oct. 1939): 178–92.
    Diogenes. “Post-War Salvage – Yes or No?” Public Cleansing and Salvage, Feb. 1945, 205–6.
    “The Distribution of Raw Materials.” Britain To-Day, 31 March 1939, 6–7.
    “Drive for Scrap Metal: Stocks of Three Tons or More Must Be Disclosed.” Public Cleansing and Salvage, Oct. 1942, 64.
    Earley, James S., and Lacy, William S. B.. “British Wartime Control of Prices.” Law and Contemporary Problems 9, no. 1 (1942): 160–72.
    “Edinburgh's Book Salvage Drive Begins.” Public Cleansing and Salvage, Feb. 1943, 216.
    “Edinburgh's Campaign.” Public Cleansing, April 1940, 259.
    “Editorial.” Public Cleansing, April 1942, 208.
    “Editorial.” Public Cleansing and Salvage, Oct. 1942, 44.
    “End of Crystal Palace North Tower.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 26 April 1941, 4–5.
    “End of Palace Tower.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 29 March 1941, 2–3.
    “‘Find’ in Waste Paper.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 7 Dec. 1940, 9.
    Flower, C. T. “Manuscripts and the War.” Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 4th ser., 25 (1943): 15–33.
    Forbes, James, ed. The Municipal Year Book and Encyclopædia of Local Government Administration, 1944. London: Municipal Journal, 1944.
    Forsdyke, John. “The Museum in War-Time.” British Museum Quarterly 15 (1941–1950): 1–9.
    Galway, J. Letter to the editor. Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 17 Aug. 1940, 8.
    “Germany Wastes Nothing.” Public Cleansing, Dec. 1937, 146.
    “Get Those Skins.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 8 Nov. 1941, 2.
    “Getting a Move On.” Public Cleansing, Jan. 1940, 120.
    “Government and Essential Supplies.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 26 Aug. 1939, 2.
    “Government Salvage.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 25 Nov. 1939, 3.
    Great Britain. Ministry of Economic Warfare. The Bomber?s Baedeker (Guide to the Economic Importance of German Towns and Cities), Part III: Survey of Economic Keypoints in German Towns and Cities (Population 15,000 and Over). [London]: Ministry of Economic Warfare, 1943.
    Great Britain. Ministry of Home Security. Report on an Inquiry into the Accident at the Bethnal Green Tube Station Shelter on the 3rd March, 1943. London: HMSO, 1945.
    Great Britain. Ministry of Information. Wartime Social Survey: Salvage. [London]: n.p., 1942.
    Great Britain. Ministry of Supply. Memorandum on Salvage and Recovery. London: HMSO, 1944.
    Great Britain. Ministry of Supply. Salvage: Lectures to Schools and Test Papers (With Answers). [London]: Ministry of Supply, 1942.
    Great Britain. Ministry of Supply. The School Salvage Steward's Guide. [London]: Ministry of Supply, 1942.
    Great Britain. Parliament. Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). London: HMSO, various years.
    Great Britain. Statutory Rules and Orders 1940, vol. 2. London: HMSO, 1941.
    Great Britain. Statutory Rules and Orders 1942, vol. 2. London: HMSO, 1943.
    “A Great Role—Stopping the Leaks in National Waste.” Public Cleansing, May 1940, 267–8.
    Gurney, H. Letter to the editor. Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 12 Oct. 1940, 2.
    “Hastings Prosecution.” Public Cleansing and Salvage, Nov. 1943, 128.
    Hill, Reginald Harrison. “The National Central Library: Impressions and Prospects.” Library Association Record 47 (Dec. 1945): 246–52.
    “The House of Commons.” Builder, 6 Feb. 1942, 120.
    “The Institute of Public Cleansing: Scottish Centre at Glasgow.” Public Cleansing, June 1940, 313–16.
    Institute of Scrap Iron and Steel. Yearbook. Washington, D.C., 1939, 1940, 1942.
    “Iron and Steel Scrap Markets.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 25 March 1939, 13.
    “Iron Railings.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 31 Aug. 1940, 19.
    “Islington in the Forefront.” Public Cleansing, June 1940, 335.
    Jenkinson, Hilary. “British Archives and the War.” American Archivist 7, no. 1 (1944): 1–17.
    “The King's Scrap Gift.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 20 July 1940, 5.
    Leach, Benny. Letter to the editor. Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 17 Aug. 1940, 8.
    Leadlay, E. O. “Waste Paper Goes to War.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 18 July 1942, 22.
    “London Scrap Exhibition.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 17 Aug. 1940, 13.
    “Making Manchester Salvage Conscious.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 22 Nov. 1941, 10–11.
    “Man Who Cannot Read Is Now Salvage Sleuth.” Public Cleansing, Jan. 1942, 146.
    Marchant, James. World Waste and the Atlantic Charter. Oxford: Blackwell, 1943.
    Marinetti, F. T. “The Founding and Manifesto of Futurism” (1909). In Marinetti: Selected Writings, edited by Flint, R. W., translated by Flint, R. W. and Coppotelli, Arthur A., 39–44 London: Secker & Warburg, 1972.
    “Marlborough Guns.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 7 Sept 1940, 2.
    Mayhew, Henry. London Labour and the London Poor. 4 vols. London: Charles Griffin, 1851–61.
    “Memorial Plaque for Salvage.” Public Cleansing, April 1942, 224.
    “Miss Megan Lloyd George, M.P., Cuts Railings for Scrap Campaign.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 28 Dec. 1940, 8.
    Moss, C. R. “Reclamation of Waste Materials from Refuse in War Time.” Public Cleansing, Jan. 1940, 132–8.
    “Mr. Dawes at Northampton.” Public Cleansing, Feb. 1941, 172.
    Murray, David. “Railings.” Public Cleansing, Jan. 1941, 162–3.
    National Central Library. 26th and 27th Annual Report of the Executive Committee, 1941–42 and 1942–43. London: n.p., 1943.
    “The National Central Library Fire.” Library Association Record 43 (May 1941): 88.
    “National Scrap Campaign” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 23 Sept. 1939, 2.
    “National Survey of Fixed and Demolition Scrap.” Builder, 11 Oct. 1940, 367.
    “The National Survey of Fixed and Demolition Scrap Iron and Steel: Results of First Month's Test Operation.” Public Cleansing, Dec. 1940, 118.
    “Naval Relics Saved.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 24 Aug. 1940, 2.
    “Nazi Vandals.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 23 Aug. 1941, 3.
    “New Controller of Salvage (Local Authorities).” Public Cleansing, Jan. 1942, 126.
    “Old Guns for the Melting Pot.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 10 Aug. 1940, 8.
    O'Neil, B. H. “Historic Buildings and Enemy Action in England.” Journal of the Royal Institute of British Architects, March 1945, 132–3.
    “Park Railings: Manchester's Report on Removal.” Municipal Review, Sept. 1940, 190.
    Pickford, H. Letter to the editor, Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 24 Aug. 1940, 7.
    Plummer, Alfred. Raw Materials or War Materials? London: Victor Gollancz, 1937.
    “Precautionary Measure.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 20 July 1940: 3.
    “Preservation of Iron Railings of Architectural and Historic Interest.” Journal of the Royal Institute of British Architects 49 (Nov. 1941): 16.
    “Preservation of Iron Railings of Interest.” Builder, 14 Nov. 1941, 434.
    “Prevention of Waste in Germany.” Public Cleansing, April 1940, 259.
    “Public Salvage a Vital Necessity.” Public Cleansing and Salvage, Sept. 1943, 54.
    “Questions in the House.” Public Cleansing, March 1941, 224.
    Man, Rag. “Outshots.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 14 Jan. 1939, 1.
    Man, Rag. “Outshots.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 16 Sept. 1939.
    Man, Rag. “Outshots.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 25 Nov. 1939, 2.
    Man, Rag. “Outshots.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 17 Aug. 1940, 1.
    “Railings for Scrap.” Builder, 17 May 1940, 581.
    “Railings for Scrap: New Campaign.” Builder, 8 Nov. 1940, 463.
    “Railings for War Weapons.” Builder, 17 Oct. 1941, 344.
    “Railings Protest.” Public Cleansing, April 1942, 224.
    “Railings Removal.” Public Cleansing and Salvage, Dec. 1942, 123.
    “The Reason Why.” Public Cleansing and Salvage, May 1944, 368.
    “Removal of Railings.” Municipal Review, Feb. 1942, 23.
    “Requisitioned Railings.” Public Cleansing and Salvage, Aug. 1943, 424.
    Robertson, D. J. W. “Is Pre-Separation of Salvage Really Practicable?” Public Cleansing, April 1941, 244.
    Roush, G. A. Strategic Mineral Supplies. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1939.
    “Salvage.” WVS Bulletin, March 1940, 8–9.
    “Salvage.” WVS Bulletin, July 1940, 4.
    “Salvage.” WVS Bulletin, Nov. 1940, 4.
    “Salvage and the Utilization of Waste.” Nature, 29 June 1940, 988–9.
    “Salvage Department.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 23 Dec. 1939, 4.
    “A Salvage Exhibition.” Public Cleansing, April 1940, 257.
    “Salvage Facts.” WVS Bulletin, Dec. 1942, 5.
    “Salvage News.” WVS Bulletin, Feb. 1943, 2.
    “Salvage of Paper.” Municipal Review 13 (March 1942): 48.
    “Salvage of Refuse.” Municipal Review, Dec. 1939, 394.
    “Salvage of Waste.” Municipal Review, May 1940, 108.
    “Salvage Work: No ‘Glamour’ But … ” Public Cleansing and Salvage, Aug. 1944, 494.
    “Salvaging Waste Will Be Compulsory in Ulster.” Public Cleansing, Jan. 1941, 156.
    Sayers, W. C. Berwick. “Britain's Libraries and the War.” Library Quarterly 14, no. 2 (1944): 95–99.
    “Schools Salvage Campaign.” Municipal Review, June 1940, 118.
    “Scottish Centre Annual Meeting.” Public Cleansing, May 1942, 238–44.
    “Scrap for Britain.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 23 Dec. 1939, 2.
    “Scrap for Victory.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 13 July 1940, 2.
    “Scrap from the Sky.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 3 Aug. 1940, 4.
    “Scrap Iron Helps War – and Rates.” Public Cleansing, Dec. 1940, 131.
    “Scrap Metal Shortage.” Public Cleansing and Salvage, Feb. 1943, 212.
    “The Scrap Position in Britain and Germany.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 16 Dec. 1939, 10.
    “Scrap Shortage.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 8 April 1939, 7.
    “Scrap the Railings.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 9 Nov. 1940, 2.
    “Shorter Notes.” Economist, 30 Aug. 1941, 262.
    “Should the Trade Close Down?” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 20 July 1940, 2.
    Shults, F. “The National Salvage Campaign.” Public Cleansing and Salvage, May 1946: 459–60.
    “Sidelights on the Scrap Front.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 31 Aug. 1940, 22.
    Silverman, Jack “Why Not Fix Minimum Prices?” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 24 Aug. 1940, 5–6.
    Silverman, Jack. “Give the Tatter a Square Deal.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 21 Sept. 1940, 13–14.
    Silverman, Jack. “Maximum Co-Operation Is Essential.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 16 Nov. 1940, 5–6.
    Silverman, Jack. “Co-Operate in the National Interest: Welcome, Mr. Bell!” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 30 Nov. 1940, 6–8.
    “Son's 500 Letters as Salvage.” Public Cleansing, March 1942, 194.
    “Statistic Department.” WVS Bulletin, Nov. 1939, 7.
    “Statistical Survey of W.V.S. Enrolments.” May 1940, 2.
    Stettinius, Edward R. Jr. Lend-Lease: Weapon for Victory. New York: Macmillan, 1944.
    “Strategic Materials.” A Week of the War, 15 Aug. 1942, 4.
    Thomson, A. L. “Exploring the Possibilities of Waste Materials.” Public Cleansing, Feb. 1940, 184–5.
    Thomson, A. L. “From ‘May’ to ‘Must’ – Compulsion at Last.” Public Cleansing, Oct. 1940, 62–3.
    Thomson, A. L. “Public Cleansing in National and in a War-Time Economy.” Public Cleansing, May 1939, 362–70.
    Thomson, A. L. “What Is Waste? An Intriguing Question.” Public Cleansing and Salvage, July 1945, 462–3.
    “Tower Guns for Scrap.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 24 Aug. 1940, 2.
    “The Trade in Parliament.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 12 July 1941, 6.
    “Transactions in Copper.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 26 Aug. 1939, 11.
    Ungewitter, Claus, ed. Verwertung des Wertlosen. Berlin: Wilhelm Limpert, 1938.
    Ungewitter, Claus, ed. Science and Salvage, translated by Ferney, L. A. and Haim, G.. London: Crosby Lockwood and Son, 1944.
    United States. War Production Board. Get in the Scrap. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1942.
    “The Village Dump.” Public Cleansing and Salvage, Feb. 1945, 206.
    “Vintage Pumping Engines for Scrap.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 7 June 1941, 5.
    “W.V.S. and Salvage.” WVS Bulletin, June 1946, 6.
    “Waste Paper in Front Line of Essential Supplies.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 14 Sept. 1940, 11.
    “Waste Paper Merchants’ Annual Banquet in London.” Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 14 Jan. 1939, 10–11.
    Waste Paper Recovery Association. Annual Report, 1955. London: n.p., 1956.
    Webster, Russell. Letter to the editor. Public Cleansing and Salvage, July 1944, 460.
    “We Have Not Reached This!” Public Cleansing, May 1940, 298.
    Wells, H. G. The Work, Wealth and Happiness of Mankind. London: William Heinemann, 1932.
    White, Carl M., and Welsford, P. S. J.. “The Inter-Allied Book Centre in London.” Library Quarterly 16, no. 1 (1946): 57–62.
    Wigmore, Ethel. “The War and British Medical Libraries.” Bulletin of the Medical Library Association 34, no. 3 (1946): 151–66, esp. 151.
    Women’s Voluntary Services. What a Cog Should Know. [London]: Women’s Voluntary Services, 1941.
    “Wood Pulp from Sweden.” Public Cleansing and Salvage, July 1945, 463.
    Worswick, G. D. N. “British Raw Material Controls.” Oxford Economic Papers 6 (April 1942): 1–41.
    Worswick, G. D. N. The Raw Material Controls. [London]: Fabian Society, [1942].
    Wright, Arthur. Letter to the editor. Waste Trade World and the Iron and Steel Scrap Review, 17 Aug. 1940, 8.
    Y. Y. [Lynd, Robert], “Goodbye to Railings.” New Statesman and Nation, 14 Dec. 1940, 617–18.

    Later Publications

    Abramson, Rudy. Spanning the Century: The Life of W. Averell Harriman, 1891–1986. New York: W. Morrow, 1992.
    Ackerman, Frank, and Gallagher, Kevin. “Mixed Signals: Market Incentives, Recycling, and the Price Spike of 1995.” Resources, Conservation & Recycling 35 (June 2002): 275–95.
    Armstrong, Robert. “Maud, John Primatt Redcliffe, Baron Redcliffe-Maud (1906–1982).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Barnett, Correlli. The Audit of War: The Illusion and Reality of Britain as a Great Nation. London: Macmillan, 1986.
    Bishop, Alan. “Brittain, Vera Mary (1893–1970).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Blake, Robert. “Lindemann, Frederick Alexander, Viscount Cherwell (1886–1957).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Boyce, D. George. “Aitken, William Maxwell, First Baron Beaverbrook (1879–1964).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Calder, Angus. The People's War: Britain, 1939–1945. New York: Pantheon, 1969.
    Campbell, Thomas M., and Herring, George C.. Introduction to The Diaries of Edward R. Stettinius, Jr., 1943–1946. New York: New Viewpoints, 1975.
    Cantwell, John D. The Second World War: A Guide to Documents in the Public Record Office, 3d ed. Kew: Public Record Office, 1998.
    Claasen, Adam. “Blood and Iron, and der Geist des Atlantiks: Assessing Hitler's Decision to Invade Norway.” Journal of Strategic Studies 20, no. 3 (Sept. 1997): 71–96.
    Clark, J. F. M. “Dawes, Jesse Cooper (1878–1955).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Collingham, Lizzie. The Taste of War: World War II and the Battle for Food. New York: Penguin, 2012.
    Conquest, Robert. The Great Terror: A Reassessment. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007.
    Cooke, Miriam. “War, Gender, and Military Studies.” NWSA Journal 13, no. 3 (Autumn 2001): 181–8.
    Cooper, Tim. “Burying the ‘Refuse Revolution’: The Rise of Controlled Tipping in Britain, 1920–1960.” Environment and Planning A 42, no. 5 (May 2010): 1033–48.
    Cooper, Tim. “Challenging the ‘Refuse Revolution’: War, Waste and the Rediscovery of Recycling, 1900–50.” Historical Research 81, no. 214 (Nov. 2008): 710–31.
    Cooper, Tim. “Modernity and the Politics of Waste in Britain.” In Nature's End: History and the Environment, edited by Sörlin, Sverker and Warde, Paul, 247–72. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009.
    Cooper, Tim. “War on Waste? The Politics of Waste and Recycling in Post-War Britain, 1950–1975.” Capitalism Nature Socialism 20, no. 4 (Dec. 2009): 53–72.
    Cull, Nicholas John. Selling War: The British Propaganda Campaign against American “Neutrality” in World War II. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.
    Davies, Norman. No Simple Victory: World War II in Europe, 1939–1945. New York: Penguin, 2007.
    de Grazia, Victoria. How Fascism Ruled Women: Italy, 1922–1945. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992.
    de Normann, Eric. “Hicks, (Ernest) George (1879–1954).” Rev. Brodie, Marc. In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Denton, Chad. “‘Récupérez!’ The German Origins of French Wartime Salvage Drives, 1939–1945.” Contemporary European History 22, no. 3 (Aug. 2013): 399–430.
    Desrochers, Pierre. “Does the Invisible Hand Have a Green Thumb? Incentives, Linkages, and the Creation of Wealth out of Industrial Waste in Victorian England.” Geographical Journal 175, no. 1 (March 2009): 3–16.
    Dutton, D. J. “Wood, Edward Frederick Lindley, First Earl of Halifax (1881–1959).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Edgerton, David. Britain's War Machine: Weapons, Resources, and Experts in the Second World War. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.
    Eksteins, Modris. Rites of Spring: The Great War and the Birth of the Modern Age. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1989.
    Ellis, Roger H. “Recollections of Sir Hilary Jenkinson.” Journal of the Society of Archivists 4, no. 4 (1971): 261–75.
    Enloe, Cynthia H. Maneuvers: The International Politics of Militarizing Women's Lives. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000.
    Evans, Bryce. Ireland during the Second World War: Farewell to Plato's Cave. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2014.
    Field, Geoffrey G. Blood, Sweat, and Toil: Remaking the British Working Class, 1939–1945. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.
    Floud, Roderick, and McCloskey, Deirdre. The Economic History of Britain since 1700, Vol. 3: 1939–1992, 2d ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1994.
    Fox, Celina. “The Battle of the Railings.” AA Files 29 (Summer 1995): 50–60.
    Foyle's War. “War Games.” 3 Nov. 2003.
    Friedrich, Jörg. The Fire: The Bombing of Germany, 1940–1945. Translated by Brown, Allison. New York: Columbia University Press, 2006.
    Fry, Geoffrey K. “Fisher, Sir (Norman Fenwick) Warren (1879–1948).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Gillespie, Gordon. “Waring [married name Harnett], Dorothy Grace [pseud. D. Gainsborough Waring] (1891–1977).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Goodwin, Nathan Dylan. Hastings at War, 1939–1945. Chichester: Phillimore, 2005.
    Gordon, Peter. “Wake, Joan (1884–1974).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Graham, Virginia. The Story of WVS. London: HMSO, 1959.
    Graves, Charles. Women in Green: The Story of the W.V.S. London: William Heinemann, 1948.
    Great Britain. The Introduction of the Ban on Swill Feeding: 1st Report. London: TSO, 2007.
    Green, E. H. H. “Law, Andrew Bonar (1858–1923).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Grieves, Keith. “Duncan, Sir Andrew Rae (1884–1952).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Grieves, Keith. “Stanley, Edward George Villiers, Seventeenth Earl of Derby (1865–1948).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Griffiths, Richard. “Russell, Hastings William Sackville, Twelfth Duke of Bedford (1888–1953).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Gullace, Nicoletta. “The Blood of Our Sons”: Men, Women and the Renegotiation of British Citizenship during the Great War. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.
    Hague, Arnold. The Allied Convoy System, 1939–1945: Its Organization, Defence and Operation. Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press, 2000.
    Harbutt, Fraser J. The Iron Curtain: Churchill, America, and the Origins of the Cold War. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986.
    Herring, George C. Aid to Russia, 1941–1946: Strategy, Diplomacy, the Origins of the Cold War. New York: Columbia University Press, 1973.
    Hinsley, F. H., et al. British Intelligence in the Second World War: Its Influence on Strategy and Operations. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1979.
    Hinton, James. Women, Social Leadership, and the Second World War: Continuities of Class. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.
    Hohn, Uta. “The Bomber's Baedeker: Target Book for Strategic Bombing in the Economic Warfare against German Towns, 1943–45.” GeoJournal 34, no. 2 (Oct. 1994): 213–30.
    Holman, Valerie. Print for Victory: Book Publishing in England, 1939–1945. London: British Library, 2008.
    Hounsell, Peter. London's Rubbish: Two Centuries of Dirt, Dust and Disease in the Metropolis. Stroud: Amberley, 2013.
    Howell, David. “Morrison, Herbert Stanley, Baron Morrison of Lambeth (1888–1965).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Howlett, Peter. Fighting with Figures: A Statistical Digest of the Second World War. London: Central Statistical Office, 1995.
    Hurstfield, Joel. The Control of Raw Materials. History of the Second World War. United Kingdom Civil Series. London: HMSO, 1953.
    Jones, Helen. “Dalton, (Florence) Ruth, Lady Dalton (1890–1966).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Joyce, Patrick. The Rule of Freedom: Liberalism and the Modern City. London: Verso, 2003.
    Kandiah, Michael D. “Marquis, Frederick James, First Earl of Woolton (1883–1964).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Karlsgodt, Elizabeth Campbell. “Recycling French Heroes: The Destruction of Bronze Statues under the Vichy Regime.” French Historical Studies 29, no. 1 (Winter 2006): 143–81.
    Kimball, Warren F. The Most Unsordid Act: Lend-Lease, 1939–1941. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1969.
    Kindleberger, Charles P. A Financial History of Western Europe, 2d ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
    King, David. The Commissar Vanishes: The Falsification of Photographs and Art in Stalin's Russia. New York: Metropolitan Books, 1997.
    Kohan, Charles Mendel. Works and Buildings. History of the Second World War. United Kingdom Civil Series. London: HMSO, 1952.
    Koss, Stephen. The Rise and Fall of the Political Press in Britain, Vol. 2: The Twentieth Century. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1984.
    Lavery, Brian. Churchill Goes to War: Winston's Wartime Journeys. London: Naval Institute Press, 2007.
    Lever, Jeremy. “Greene, Wilfrid Arthur, Baron Greene (1883–1952). In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Longmate, Norman. How We Lived Then: A History of Everyday Life during the Second World War. London: Hutchinson, 1971.
    Luckin, Bill. “Pollution in the City.” In The Cambridge Urban History of Britain, Vol. 3: 1840–1950, edited by Daunton, Martin, 207–28. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
    “MV Storsten.” Clydebuilt Ships Database. www.clydesite.co.uk/clydebuilt/viewship.asp?id=3956, accessed 29 July 2013.
    Marwick, Arthur. Britain in the Century of Total War: War, Peace and Social Change, 1900–1967. Boston: Little, Brown, 1968.
    McIntyre, Ian. “Reith, John Charles Walsham, First Baron Reith (1889–1971).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    McNeill, J. R. Something New under the Sun: An Environmental History of the Twentieth-Century World. New York: W. W. Norton, 2000.
    Melosi, Martin V. Garbage in the Cities: Refuse, Reform, and the Environment, 1880–1980. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1981.
    Melosi, Martin V. The Sanitary City: Urban Infrastructure in America from Colonial Times to the Present. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2000.
    Moon, Antonia. “Destroying Records, Keeping Records: Some Practices at the East India Company and at the India Office.” Archives 33, no. 119 (Oct. 2008): 114–25.
    Morgan, Kenneth O. “Addison, Christopher, First Viscount Addison (1869–1951).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Morgan, Kenneth O. “George, Lady Megan Arfon Lloyd (1902–1966).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Overy, Richard. The Twilight Years: The Paradox of Britain between the Wars. New York: Viking Penguin, 2009.
    Padfield, Peter. War beneath the Sea: Submarine Conflict during World War II. New York: John Wiley, 1998.
    Peiso, O. O. et al. “A Review of Exotic Animal Disease in Great Britain and in Scotland Specifically between 1938 and 2007.” PLoS ONE 6, no. 7 (July 2011): e22066.
    Perrow, Charles B. Normal Accidents: Living with High Risk Technologies, rev. ed. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1999.
    Pimlott, Ben. “Wilmot, John Charles, Baron Wilmot of Selmeston (1893–1964).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Potter, Simon J. “Baillieu, Clive Latham, First Baron Baillieu (1889–1967).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Price, Leah. How to Do Things with Books in Victorian Britain. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2012.
    Proctor, Tammy M. “‘Patriotism Is Not Enough’: Women, Citizenship, and the First World War.” Journal of Women's History 17, no. 2 (Summer 2005): 169–76.
    Ridley, Rosalind M., and Baker, Harry F.. Fatal Protein: The Story of CJD, BSE, and Other Prion Diseases. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
    Riley, Mark. “From Salvage to Recycling: New Agendas or Same Old Rubbish?” Area 40, no. 1 (March 2008): 79–89.
    Rockoff, Hugh T. “Keep on Scrapping: The Salvage Drives of World War II.” Sept. 2007. NBER Working Paper Series, vol. w13418, 2007, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1014795, accessed 17 Dec. 2012.
    Rohrer, Finlo. “What's a Little Debt between Friends?” BBC News Magazine, 10 May 2006, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/4757181.stm, accessed 29 Oct. 2014.
    Rohwer, Jürgen. Axis Submarine Successes of World War Two: German, Italian, and Japanese Submarine Successes, 1939–1945. Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press, 1999.
    Roll, David L. The Hopkins Touch: Harry Hopkins and the Forging of the Alliance to Defeat Hitler. New York: Oxford University Press, 2013.
    Room, Adrian. “Harrap, George Godfrey (1868–1938).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Russell, Edmund. War and Nature: Fighting Humans and Insects with Chemicals from World War I to Silent Spring. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001.
    Scanlon, John. On Garbage. London: Reaktion Books, 2005.
    Scott, James C. Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1999.
    Scott, K. “Window of Deceit.” Army Quarterly & Defence Journal 123, no. 1 (Jan. 1993): 39–42.
    Sheffield, J. V. “Portal, Wyndham Raymond, Viscount Portal (1885–1949).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Sherwood, Robert E. Roosevelt and Hopkins: An Intimate History. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1948.
    Stamp, Gavin. “Scott, Sir Giles Gilbert (1880–1960).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Stokes, Raymond G., Köster, Roman, and Sambrook, Stephen. The Business of Waste: Great Britain and Germany, 1945 to the Present. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2013.
    Stone, Tessa. “Denman, Gertrude Mary, Lady Denman (1884–1954).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Strasser, Susan. Waste and Want: A Social History of Trash. New York: Metropolitan Books, 1999.
    Summers, Julie. “Farrer, Dame Frances Margaret (1895–1977).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Suri, Jeremi. Henry Kissinger and the American Century. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2007.
    Thorsheim, Peter. “Green Space and Class in Imperial London.” In The Nature of Cities: Culture, Landscape, and Urban Space, edited by Isenberg, Andrew C., 24–37. Rochester: University of Rochester Press, 2006.
    Thorsheim, Peter. “Salvage and Destruction: The Recycling of Books and Manuscripts in Great Britain during the Second World War.” Contemporary European History 22, no. 3 (Aug. 2013): 431–52.
    Tooze, Adam. The Wages of Destruction: The Making and Breaking of the Nazi Economy. New York: Viking, 2006.
    Vickers, Hugo. “Hardinge, Alexander Henry Louis, Second Baron Hardinge of Penhurst (1894–1960).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Weaver, Michael. “International Cooperation and Bureaucratic In-Fighting: American and British Economic Intelligence Sharing and the Strategic Bombing of Germany, 1939–41.” Intelligence & National Security 23, no. 2 (April 2008): 153–75.
    Weber, Heike. “Towards ‘Total’ Recycling: Women, Waste and Food Waste Recovery in Germany, 1914–1939.” Contemporary European History 22, no. 3 (Aug. 2013): 371–97.
    Wilford, R. A. “Parker, Dame Dehra (1882–1963).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Windlesham. “Isaacs, Stella, Marchioness of Reading and Baroness Swanborough (1894–1971).” In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
    Winter, James. London's Teeming Streets, 1830–1914. London: Routledge, 1993.
    Women's Voluntary Service for Civil Defence. Report on 25 Years Work, 1938–1963. London: HMSO, 1963.
    Woodward, Donald. “Swords into Ploughshares: Recycling in Pre-Industrial England.” Economic History Review 38, no. 2 (May 1985): 175–91.
    Zimring, Carl A. Cash for Your Trash: Scrap Recycling in America. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 2005.
    Zweiniger-Bargielowska, Ina. Austerity in Britain: Rationing, Controls, and Consumption, 1939–1955. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.

    Metrics

    Altmetric attention score

    Full text views

    Total number of HTML views: 0
    Total number of PDF views: 0 *
    Loading metrics...

    Book summary page views

    Total views: 0 *
    Loading metrics...

    * Views captured on Cambridge Core between #date#. This data will be updated every 24 hours.

    Usage data cannot currently be displayed.

    Accessibility standard: Unknown

    Why this information is here

    This section outlines the accessibility features of this content - including support for screen readers, full keyboard navigation and high-contrast display options. This may not be relevant for you.

    Accessibility Information

    Accessibility compliance for the HTML of this book is currently unknown and may be updated in the future.