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Evangelization as Performance: Making Music, Telling Stories

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 February 2015

John F. Schwaller
John F. Schwaller*
Affiliation:
State University of New York, Potsdam, Potsdam, New York
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In the 1970s two important trends in Latin American history came into conjunction. The older of these was the study of the evangelization of the natives of the New World. The evangelization largely occurred at the hands of the regular clergy: Franciscans, Dominicans, and Augustinians. Nevertheless, there were significant numbers of secular priests who also engaged in the mission, but they did not leave the editorial legacy of the religious. The second trend which emerged was the study of the native peoples, but with a very important new consideration. While earlier historians had been contented to write basing their histories on the Spanish language documentation, in the 1970s a new generation of scholars versed in Nahuati, Maya, and other native languages, began to look at themes utilizing native language documentation. The confluence of these two trends was the use of native language documentation to study the evangelization.

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
The Americas , Volume 66 , Issue 3 , January 2010, pp. 305 - 310
Copyright
Copyright © Academy of American Franciscan History 2010

Footnotes

1. Lockhart, James The Nabttas After the Conquest (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1992)

2. Lockhart, The Nahuas, p. 410.

3. See Icazbalceta, Joaquín García “Representaciones religiosas en Mexico en el siglo XVI,” In Eslava, Fernán González Coloquios espiritttles y sacramentales (Mexico: Antigua Librería, 1877). Paso y Troncoso edited five plays as part of his series Biblioteca Nahuatl, published in Florence between 1899 and 1907.

4. Schwaller, John F. Guide to Nahuatl Language Manuscripts Held in U. S. Repositories (Berkeley, Academy of American Franciscan History, 2001), p. 44. Sell, Barry D. and Burkhart, Louise, Nahuatl Theater, 4 vols. (Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 2004–2009), vol. 1, pp. xii-xiii.

5. Horcasitas, Fernando El Teatro Nahuatl: Epocas Novohispana y Moderna (Mexico: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 1974).

6. Ravicz, Marilyn Ekdahl Early Colonial Religious Drama in Mexico (Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 1970).

7. de Sahagún, Bernardino Psalmodia Christiana (Christian Psalmody), translated by Anderson, Arthur J.O. (Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1993).

8. Cantares mexicanos [facsimile edition] (Mexico: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 1994). John Bierhorst published a controversial translation of the cantares. The paleography of the original manuscript is extremely well done, but the translation was based upon a hypothesis that the songs represented a Mesoamerican form of the Plains Indian “ghost dance.” Bierhorst, John Cantares mexicanos: Songs of the Aztecs (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1985).

9. Stevenson, Aztec and Inca (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1968), Stevenson, Music in Mexico (New York: Crowell, 1952); Stevenson, Spanish Cathedral Music (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1961); Stevenson, Music in the Age of Columbus (The Hague: M. Nijhoff, 1960).

10. Stevenson, Robert “Written Sources for Indian Music before 1882,” Ethnomusicology, 17:1 (Jan. 1973), pp. 1–40.

11. Estrada, Jesús Música y músicos de la época virreinal (Mexico: ScpSetentas, 1973); Estrada, Jesús ed., La música de México (Mexico: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 1986), 2 vols.

12. Turrent, Lourdes La conquista musical de México (Mexico: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 1993).

13. Tomlinson, Gary The Singing of the New World: Indigenous Voice in the Era of European Contact (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007).

14. Warkentin, Larry “The Rise and Fall of Indian Music in the California Missions,” Latin American Music Review/Revista de Música Latinoamericana, 2:1 (Spring-Summer, 1981), pp. 45–65.

15. Koegei, John “Music and Christianization on the Northern Frontier of New Spain,” in Kendall, Calvin B., Nicholson, Oliver, Phillips, William and Ragnow, Marguerite editors, Conversion to Christianity from Late Antiquity to the Modern Age: Considering the Process in Europe, Asia, and the Americas (Minneapolis, MN: Center for Early Modern History, 2009), pp. 293–332.

16. Baker, Geoffrey Imposing Harmony: Music and Society in Colonial Cuzco (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2008).

17. Burkhart, Louise The Slippery Earth: Nahua-Christian Moral Dialogue in Sixteenth-Century Mexico (Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press, 1989)

18. Lockhart, The Nahuas, pp. 261–325.

19. de Alva, Bartolomé A Guide to Confession Large and Small, 1634, edited and translated by Sell, Barry and Schwaller, John F. (Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1999).

20. de Alarcón, Hernando Ruiz Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to this New Spain, 1629, translated and edited by Andrews, J. Richard and Hassig, Ross (Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984).