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Culte et Justice

Lieux d'assemblée des tribus germaniques et slaves

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 July 2017

Karol Modzelewski*
Affiliation:
Université de Varsovie

Extract

Chaque historien médiéviste ressemble à un ethnologue : la diversité des cultures le sépare de l'objet de ses recherches. Pénétrer cette barrière, comprendre une culture différente de la nôtre, c'est le risque et le charme majeur de notre métier. Or un médiéviste qui étudie les sociétés tribales du harharicum européen se heurte à un obstacle supplémentaire : il y avait aussi une profonde diversité des cultures entre les barbares en question et les auteurs, antiques ou médiévaux, qui nous les font connaître. Avant que les peuples germaniques et slaves soient encadrés par des États et par l'Église, le patrimoine de leurs mythes, sagas et coutumes juridiques demeurait domaine exclusif de la tradition orale.

Summary

Summary

Starting with an analysis of a misunderstanding between Helmold de Besau and his Slavic informant regarding the Wagres' time of assembly, the author examines texts from various sources relative to the assemblies of the Germanic and Slavic tribes. In spite of the thousand-year gap separating Tacitus from the German medieval ecclesiastical writers, and in spite of geographic distance and ethnic diversity, a comparative analysis proves to be possible and fruitful. The resemblance observed between the descriptions of the two barbaric societies cannot be explained by alleged filiations of literary topoi. It can only be partially explained by the common clichés produced by the classical and medieval cultures of the Latin West. In keeping with Reinhard Wenskus' opinion, the author insists on the similarity that exists, beyond ethnic differences, between the Germanic and Slavic barbaric societies, which were neither democratic nor dictatorial, but deeply traditional and collectivist.

Information

Type
Droit, Justice et Politique (12e-13e s.)
Copyright
Copyright © Les Éditions de l’EHESS 1999

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