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The Sutton Hoo Ship-Burial. V. The Silver*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Ernst Kitzinger
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Extract

The silver plate in the Sutton Hoo treasure is not as uniform in technique and style as the gold ornaments. While the latter can be claimed as the work of a special ‘Sutton Hoo School ’ the silver is a haphazard collection of pieces differing in date and origin, and can only be discussed by taking each item separately.

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Type
Research Article
Information
Antiquity , Volume 14 , Issue 53 , March 1940, pp. 40 - 63
Copyright
Copyright © Antiquity Publications Ltd 1940

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References

1 L. Matzulewitsch, Byzantinische Antike, 1929, pp. 30, 75, 111, 113, 115; M. Rosenberg, Der Goldschmiede Merkzeichen, 3rd ed. 1928, IV, 700, 704, 718.

2 W. Wroth, Catalogue of the Imperial Byzantine Coins in the British Museum, 1908, 1, p. 7.

3 Wroth, loc. cit. pp. 1 ff.

4 Matzulewitsch, loc. cit. pp. 75, 102.

5 Matzulewitsch, loc. cit. pl. 47.

6 A. Odobesco, Le Trésor de Petrossa, 1889-1900, pl. opposite p. 88.

7 A. O. Curle, The Treasure of Traprain, 1923, pl. 24.

8 Matzulewitsch, loc. cit. p. 119, fig. 31.

9 Plate of Bishop Paternus (Matzulewitsch, loc. cit. pl. 26); plate from Riha (Rosenberg, loc. cit. pp. 686 f); from Stuma (Revue Archéologique, 1911, 1, pl. 8); from Lampsacus (H. Peirce and R. Tyler, L’Art Byzantin, 1932, 1, pl. 175) ; in Budapest (ibid. pl. 61 B).

10 W. Schulz and R. Zahn, ‘Das Fürstengrab von Hassleben’. Römisch-Germanische Forschungen, 1933, VII, p. 63. Fr. Drexel, in Bonner Jahrbücher 1909, CXVIII, 182 ff, 189 ff, 199 (‘Form 1’).

11 W. Schulz and R. Zahn, loc. cit. pl. 34.

12 Curle, loc. cit. p. 23.

13 R. Zahn, in Amtliche Berichte aus den Königlichen Kunstsammlungen, 1916-1917, XXXVIII, col. 29.

14 Fr. Drexel, in Bonner Jahrbücher, 1909, CXVIII, 183.

15 O. M. Dalton, East Christian Art, 1925, p. 386.

16 Cf. Fr. Drexel, in Germania, 1925, IX, 126 n. 17.

17 A. Riegl, Spätrömische Kunstindustrie, 1901, 1, 140 ff. R. Zahn, loc. cit. (note 13) col. 17 ff.

18 R. Zahn, loc. cit. col. 29.

19 R. Zahn, loc. cit. col. 35 ff.

20 Cf. Archaeologia, LVI, 9.

21 L. M. Wilson, Ancient Textiles from Egypt in the University of Michigan Collection, University of Michigan Studies, Humanistic Series, 1933, XXXI, nos. 73, 76, 79, 105, 109.

22 M. van Berchem and E. Clouzot, Mosaiques Chrétiennes du IVe au Xe siècle, 1924, pp. 3 ff.

23 Cf. the silver vessels which by evidence of their stamps date from the time of Anastasius, or, at latest, Justinian: see above, notes 1 and 4.

24 O. M. Dalton, Catalogue of Early Christian Antiquities in the British Museum, 1901, no. 398.

25 Rosenberg, loc. cit. p. 706 f.

26 Rosenberg, loc. cit. pp. 736 ff.; R. Jaeger, in Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archaeologischen Instituts, 1928, Anzeiger, XLIII, col. 561 f.

27 G. Ekholm, in Acta Archaeologica, 1935, VI, 71 ff. O. Brogan, in Journal of Roman Studies, 1936, XXVI, 210.

28 Curle, loc. cit. pl. 35.

29 Riegl, loc. cit. 1923, II, pls. 40, 41, 43.

30 C. Weickert, Das lesbische Kymation, 1913, pl. x, a, b.

31 Jahrbuch für Kunstwissenschaft, 1924, 11, 166.

32 A. Venturi, Storia dell’ Arte Italiana, 1901, 1, 79.

33 Matzulewitsch, loc. cit. passim.

34 Ibid. pl. 28.

35 Victoria and Albert Museum, Catalogue of Carvings in Ivory, part 1, 1927, frontis piece.

36 E. Babelon, Le trésor d’Argenterie de Berthouville, 1916, pl. 28.

37 O. M. Dalton, loc. cit. (note 24), nos. 378, 379.

38 R. Zahn, loe. cit. (note 13), col. 32 f.

39 Cf. Book-covers in New York. (A check-list of Coptic Manuscripts in the Pierpont Morgan Library, 1919, pl. II) and Vienna (Th. Gottlieb, Bucheinbände, 1910, pl. 1). For the date of these covers cf. The Library, 1933, XIII, 7; 1938, XIX, 203.

40 H. Peirce and R. Tyler, L’Art Byzantin, 1932, 1, pl. 64.

41 Curle, loc. cit. p. 83, fig. 63.

42 Riegl, loc. cit. I, pl. 20, 4.

43 Riegl, loc. cit. II, pls. 31 f., 36 ff.

44 H. Schüller, in Archaeologiai Ertesitö, 1937, pp. 116 ff., 217 ff.

45 Riegl, loc. cit. II, pl. 32.

46 Cf. e.g. N. Fettich, Die Metallkunst der landnehmenden Ungarn, 1937, p. 272.

47 Riegl, loc. cit. II, 97.

48 N. Fettich, loc. cit. pp. 272 f; T. Horvath, Die avarischen Gräberfelder von Üllö und Kiskörös 1935, pp. 118 f; H. Schüller, loc. cit. p. 226.

49 H. Schüller, loc. cit. p. 226.

50 To quote more or less datable examples only : Antiquaries Journal, 1922, II, 90 ; Curle, loc. cit. p. 64 ff ; O. M. Dalton, loc. cit. nos. 322 ff.; Cl. Boulanger, Le Mobilier Funéraire, 1902-1905, pis. 8, 20.

51 O. M. Dalton, loc. cit. nos. 400-24.

52 Ibid. nos. 380-92.

53 Syria, 1926, VII, pl. 23

54 F. Cabrol and H. Leclercq, Dictionnaire d’Archéologie Chrétienne, III, 2, 1914, fig. 3454.

55 O. M. Dalton, loc. cit. nos. 387-91

56 J. Strzygowski, Koptische Kunst, 1904, p. 322, no. 7188.

57 Rivista d’Archeologia Cristiana, 1935, XII, 323.

58 E. Weigand, in Byzantion, 1931, VI, 412; and in Jahrbuch des deutschen Archaeologischen Instituts. 1937, LII, 129 f.

59 The treasure also includes a number of spoons with cruciform monograms (see below, n. 63), and therefore seems to belong to the transition period from one type to the other. The two bowls referred to above (note 37) also have cruciform monograms.

60 Syria, 1930, XI, 210 ff.

61 O. M. Dalton, loc. cit. nos. 380-4.

62 Bullettino d’Archeologia Cristiana, 1878, p. 119 (Crema); Cabrol-Leclercq, loc. cit. fig. 3455 (Sasbach).

63 The inscriptions on the spoons from Lampsacus have recently been discussed by Weigand (Byzantinische Zeitsckrift, 1939, p. 136). While accepting the theory that they refer to saints, he points out that the omission of the words o AΓIOC is a sign of a date earlier than that given by Dalton (‘6th-7th cent.’) and he would undoubtedly use the same argument in the case of our spoons. But it so happens that the spoons from Lampsacus concerned have cruciform instead of ‘double-bar’ monograms, a form which Weigand himself has shown to belong to the period of Justinian at the earliest (see note 58).

64 Cf. the plates given by Desiderius, Bishop of Auxerre, to the church of St. Stephen in that town (see Bonner Jahrbücher, vol. CXL, p. 83 f.); these were mostly decorated with secular subjects and must have been of private origin. The gift also included a large number of spoons; some even ’habent caudas scriptas’.

65 Cf. Syria, 1926, VII, 110 ff.

66 Cf. e.g. Dalton, loc. cit. no. 876 : EVΛOΓIA TOV AΓIOV MHNA.

67 Cf. Diehl’s remarks in Syria, 1930, XI, 210 ff.

68 O. Wulff, Altchristliche und mittelalterliche Bildwerke, 1909, 1, 263 f. E. Michon, in Mémoires de la Soc. Nat. des Antiquaires de France, LVIII, 315 ff.

69 Names of evangelists frequently figure in Eastern apostle lists. Cf. e.g. A. Heisenberg, Grabeskirche und Apostelkirche, 1908, 11, 23 ff, 208 ff.

70 Cf. Bonner Jahrbücher, CXL, pp. 84, 87.

71 British Museum Quarterly, XIII, pl. 49A. Cf J. Strzygowski, loc. cit. pl. 28, no. 9061.

72 British Museum Quarterly, XIII, pl. 49B. Cf. Dalton, loc. cit. no. 345.

73 Bede, Historia Ecclesiastica, 1, 32; 11, 10, 11.

74 See above, note 64.

75 Matzulewitsch, loc. cit. chapter VIII, passim.

76 See above, p. 57.

77 Strzygowski, Altai-Iran und Völkerwanderung, 1917, pp. 1 ff.

78 See above, note 26.