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Japan's Integrated Approach to Human Security

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2025

Andrew DeWit
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The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Fifth Assessment Report (IPCC AR5) on human security identifies “Critical infrastructure and state capacity” as a major concern. The report points out that “Climate change and extreme events are projected to damage a range of critical infrastructure, with water and sanitation, energy, and transportation infrastructure being particularly vulnerable. Climate change is expected to exacerbate water supply problems in some urban areas that in turn pose multiple risks to cities.”

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Asia-Pacific Journal , Volume 16 , Issue 19 , October 2018, e3
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
Copyright © The Authors 2018

References

Notes

1 The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) is available here

2 See Adger, Neil W and Juan M. Pulhin, et al. (2014). “Human Security,” in Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

3 An overview of the United Nation's Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR) Sendai Framework is available here

4 On this, see DeWit, Andrew (2017) “Japan's Energy Crisis and Policy Integration,” Rikkyo Economic Research, July

5 Japan Cabinet Secretariat (nd) “Building National Resilience”

6 An overview of some of the agencies and commissions is available (in Japanese) here

7 The central government's National Resilience plans for 2014-2018 are available (in Japanese) here

8 Links to Japan's subnational National Resilience plans are available (in Japanese) here

9 See (in Japanese) the budgets and their expenditure categories here

10 The 2014-2019 National Resilience budgets are available (in Japanese) here

11 On this, see McKirdy, Euan (2018) “Japan's summer of deadly disasters: Earthquakes, floods, typhoons and heat,” September 8, 2018

12 A summary of the FY 2019 proposed tax reductions and exemptions is available (in Japanese) here

13 Japanese defence spending, whose 1% of GDP level is low relative to the US (3.1%) and EU countries (1.3%), gets overwhelming media attention, whereas its resilience investments are either overlooked or derided as pork barrel public works in international media and websites.

14 See (in Japanese) Kashiwagi Takao (2018) Super-Smart Energy Society 5.0: here

15 See (in Japanese) TMG (2017) “Tokyo's Sewerages,” Tokyo Metropolitan Government, November, p. 4

16 The link for the videos is available here

17 See (in Japanese) MLIT (2007) “Looking at Dam Projects,” Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT), Japan

18 On this, see DeWit, Andrew (2017) Japan's Energy Crisis and Policy Integration,“ Rikkyo Economic Research, July:

19 See the chart (in Japanese) on p. 20 of the report here

20 The Tokyo Metropolitan Government annual poll results are summarized (in Japanese) here

21 See (in Japanese) “3rd Election as LDP President,” Yomiuri Shimbun, September 24, 2018, p. 14.

22 See the chart (in Japanese) on p. 20 of the report here

23 See United Nation's Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015), “Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030,” p. 13::

24 The diverse membership of the Association's 19 working groups, together with reports and other details (such as meeting schedules), can be confirmed (in Japanese) here