Hostname: page-component-74656f9884-g96k6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-11-10T06:28:51.341Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Significant uncertainty is common in nature

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 January 2004

Donald R. Griffin
Affiliation:
Concord Field Station, Harvard University, Bedford, MA 01730 griffin@fas.harvard.edu
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the 'Save PDF' action button.

In animals' natural lives, uncertainty is normal; and certainty, exceptional. Evaluating ambiguous information is essential for survival: Does what is seen, heard, or smelled mean danger? Does that gesture mean aggression or fear? Is he confident or uncertain? If they are conscious of anything, the content of animals' awareness probably includes crucial uncertainties, both their own and those of others.

Information

Type
Brief Report
Copyright
© 2003 Cambridge University Press