Hostname: page-component-6898cfcb55-zkb6p Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-11-11T20:48:46.144Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Wing Base Structure in Lepidoptera I. Fore Wing Base

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

J. Sharplin
J. Sharplin
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
Get accessRights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The fore wing bases of Monotrysia can be homologized with the plan for a generalized insect wing base (Snodgrass, 1935). The wing bases of advanced Lepidoptera are very different from those of primitive forms. An evolutionary series can be traced through the order showing how the changes may have taken place.

The positions of the bending cuticle areas vary very little within the order. Within each superfamily the axillary region is surprisingly constant. It is impossible to distinguish between the wing bases of many related ditrysian families.

The jugum is particularly interesting; it is present in all the members of the old group “Microlepidoptera” and not only in the Monotrysia or “Jugatae”.

Information

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 95 , Issue 10 , October 1963, pp. 1024 - 1050
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1963

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Berlese, A. 1909. Gli Insetti. Milan. 1004 pp.Google Scholar
Bourgogne, J. 1951. In Grassé, P., 1951. Traité de Zoologie. Paris. Tome X: 192–437.Google Scholar
Comstock, J. H., and Needham, J. G.. 1898–1899. The wings of insects — Amer. Nat. 32: 43–48, 81–89, 231–257, 413–422, 560–565, 769–777, 903–911; 33: 117–126, 573–582, 845–860.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crampton, G. C. 1909. A contribution to the comparative morphology of the thoracic sclerites of insects. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 61: 3–54.Google Scholar
Crampton, G. C. 1920. A comparison of the external anatomy of the lower Lepidoptera and Trichoptera from the standpoint of phylogeny. Psyche, Boston 27: 23–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crampton, G. C. 1928. The basal structures of the wings of certain insects. Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. 23: 113–118.Google Scholar
Ehrlich, P. R. 1958. The integumental anatomy of the Monarch butterfly Danaus plexippus L. (Lepidoptera, Danaiidae). Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 38. 34 pp.Google Scholar
Ehrlich, P. R. 1960. The integumental anatomy of the silver-spotted skipper, Epargyreus clarus Cramer (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). Microentomology 24: 1–23.Google Scholar
Freeman, T. N. 1947. The external anatomy of the spruce budworm Choristoneura fumiferana (Tortricoidae). Canad. Ent. 79: 21–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Imms, A. D. 1957. A General Textbook of Entomology. London, Methuen. 9th edition. 886 pp.Google Scholar
Jordan, K. 1928. On some Lepidoptera of special interest with remarks on morphology and nomenclature. Novit. Zool. Tring 34: 147–150.Google Scholar
Madden, A. H. 1944. The external morphology of the adult tobacco hornworm (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae). Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 37: 145–160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nüesch, H. 1953. The morphology of the thorax of Telea polyphemus. 1. Skeleton and muscles. J. Morph. Philadelphia 93: 589–608.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Onesto, E. 1959. Morfologia delia reglone articolare delle Ali di Anthocaris cardamines (L.). Annuario 1st. Mus. Zool. Univ. Napoli 2: 1–39.Google Scholar
Pantin, C. F. A. 1948. Notes on Microscopical Technique for Zoologists. Cambridge. 77 pp.Google Scholar
Sharplin, J. 1963. A flexible cuticle in the wing bases of Lepidoptera. Canad. Ent. 95: 96–100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snodgrass, R. E. 1909a. The thorax of insects and the articulation of the wings. Smithsonian Inst. U.S. Nat. Mus. Proc. 36: 511–595.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snodgrass, R. E. 1909b. The thoracic tergum of insects. Ent. News 20: 97–104.Google Scholar
Snodgrass, R. E. 1927. Morphology and mechanism of the insect thorax. Smithsonian Misc. Coll. 80: 1–108.Google Scholar
Snodgrass, R. E. 1929. The thoracic mechanism of a grasshopper and its antecedents. Smithsonian Misc. Coll. 82: 1–54.Google Scholar
Snodgrass, R. E. 1930. How insects fly. Structure of insect wings. Ann. Rep. Smithsonian Inst. 1929–30: 383–421.Google Scholar
Snodgrass, R. E. 1935. Principles of Insect Morphology. New York, McGraw-Hill. 667 pp.Google Scholar
Weber, H. 1924. Das Thorakalskelett der Lepidoptera. Ein Beitrag zur vergleichenden Morphologie des Insektenthorax. Z. Anat. Entwickl. 73: 277–331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weber, H. 1928. Dle Gliederung der Sternopleuralregion des Lepidopterenthorax. Eine vergleichende morphologische Studie zur Subcoxaltheorie. Z. wiss. Zool. 131: 181–254.Google Scholar
Weis-Fogh, T. 1960. A rubber-like protein in insect cuticle. J. Exp. Biol. 37: 889–907.CrossRefGoogle Scholar