Hostname: page-component-7b7567c8c-tnzcf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-11-12T10:46:16.304Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Swelling behaviour of montmorillonite by poly-6-amide

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

Y. Fukushima,
A. Okada,
M. Kawasumi,
T. Kurauchi and
O. Kamigaito
Y. Fukushima
Affiliation:
Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories Inc., 41-1 Yokomichi, Nagakute, Nagakute-cho, Aichi-gun Aichi-ken 480-11, Japan
A. Okada
Affiliation:
Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories Inc., 41-1 Yokomichi, Nagakute, Nagakute-cho, Aichi-gun Aichi-ken 480-11, Japan
M. Kawasumi
Affiliation:
Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories Inc., 41-1 Yokomichi, Nagakute, Nagakute-cho, Aichi-gun Aichi-ken 480-11, Japan
T. Kurauchi
Affiliation:
Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories Inc., 41-1 Yokomichi, Nagakute, Nagakute-cho, Aichi-gun Aichi-ken 480-11, Japan
O. Kamigaito
Affiliation:
Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories Inc., 41-1 Yokomichi, Nagakute, Nagakute-cho, Aichi-gun Aichi-ken 480-11, Japan
Get accessRights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Intercalated compounds of montmorillonite and poly-6-amide were prepared by heating mixtures of ɛ-caprolactam and 5, 10, 15 and 30 wt% of montmorillonite, cation-exchanged with NH3+(CH2)11COOH, at 250°C in a nitrogen atmosphere, and examined by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and elemental analysis. ɛ-caprolactam was polymerized to poly-6-amide by the heat treatment. The mean number-average molecular weight decreased from 3·6 × 104 to 0·8 × 104 with increasing montmorillonite content. TEM showed that considerable swelling had taken place subsequent to polymerization and that the clay layers were uniformly distributed in the final clay/poly-6-amide products. Both XRD and TEM showed that the basal spacing of the compound increased from 51 Å to 210 Å with increasing polyamide content. The driving force for the swelling was considered to be a combination of the polymerization energy of ɛ-caprolactam and the attractive interaction between the interlayer cation and ɛ-caprolactam.

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 23 , Issue 1 , March 1988, pp. 27 - 34
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1988

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Dekking, H.G.G. (1967) Propagation of vinyl polymers on clay surfaces. II. Polymerization of monomers initiated by free radicals attached to clay. J. Appl. Polymer Sci., 23-26.Google Scholar
Fukushima, Y. (1984) X-ray diffraction study of aqueous montmorillonite emulsions. Clays Clay Miner. , 32, 320-326.Google Scholar
Fukushima, Y. (1986) X-ray diffraction study of suspensions of toluene with CH3(CH2)n-1N+(CH3)3-type montmorillonite, where n = , 2,6, 8, 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8. Surfactant in Solutions, Vol. 6, Pp. 697- 703 (Proc. 5th Int. Sym. on Surfactant in Solution, Bordeaux, 984, Mittal, M. and Bothorel, P., editors) Plenum Publishing Co., New York.Google Scholar
Fukushima, Y. Inagaki, S. (1987) Synthesis of intercalated compound of montmorillonite and 6-polyamide. J. Inclusion Phenomena, 473-482.Google Scholar
Kato, C. (1970) Complex compound of clay and high polymer. Kobunshi, (High Polymers) 758-764 (in Japanese).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kunimine Industries Co. Ltd. (1978) Catalogue of high purity Na-montmorillonite. KUNIPIA-F®, Tokyo.Google Scholar
Lagaly, G., Beneke, K. Weiss, A. (1975) Magadiite and H-magadiite: II. H-magadiite and its intercalation compounds. Am. Miner., 60, 650-658.Google Scholar
Lagaly, G., Stange, H. Weiss, A. (1973) Adsorption of long chain molecules onto aromatic swelling liquids in mica type layer silicate. Proc. Int. Clay Conf. Madrid, 693-704.Google Scholar
Lagaly, G. Witter, R. (1982) Clustering of liquid molecules on solid surfaces. Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 86, 74-80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norrish, K. (1954) The swelling of montmorillonite. Disc. Faraday Soc., 8, 20- 34.Google Scholar
Shinohara, T. (1979) Poriamido Jushi (Polyamide resins), pp. 37. Kogyo-Chosakai, Tokyo (in Japanese).Google Scholar
Solomon, D. H. Loft, B. C. (1968) Reaction catalysed by minerals. Part III. The mechanism of spontaneous polymerization in aluminosilicate. J. Appl. Polymer Sci., 2, 758-764.Google Scholar
Theng, B.K.G. (1982) Clay-polymer interactions: summary and perspectives, days Clay Miner., 30, 1-10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar