Hostname: page-component-7b7567c8c-fvjsw Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-11-14T20:02:21.297Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Evolution of pyrophyllite particle sizes during dry grinding

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

P. Uhlík,
V. Šucha,
D. D. Eberl,
L'. Puškelová and
M. Čaplovičová
P. Uhlík*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská Dolina G, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
V. Šucha
Affiliation:
Faculty of Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská Dolina G, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
D. D. Eberl
Affiliation:
US Geological Survey, Marine Street, Boulder, CO, USA
L'. Puškelová
Affiliation:
Geological Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská 9, 842 12 Bratislava, Slovakia
M. Čaplovičová
Affiliation:
Faculty of Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská Dolina G, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
*
*E-mail: uhlik@fns.uniba.sk
Get accessRights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The Bertaut-Warren-Averbach (BWA) technique and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were used to characterize the products of dry-ground pyrophyllite. Mean crystallite thickness and crystallite thickness distributions were measured for each sample using the BWA technique. Mean crystallite thickness decreases during the treatment with respect to grinding time and energy applied per unit mass. The BWA data were checked by HRTEM measurements and good fits were obtained for samples having small mean particle thicknesses. Samples with thicker particles could not be measured properly by HRTEM because the number of particles counted from images is statistically insufficient. The shape of the crystallite and the particle-size distribution were used to determine the mechanism of pyrophyllite particle degradation. Particles initially having a lognormal size distribution are first delaminated randomly, then some are delaminated preferentially, thereby producing polymodal thickness distributions. Finally all particles undergo delamination yielding a lognormal thickness distribution.

Keywords

Bertaut-Warren-Averbach techniquegrindingpyrophyllite crystalliteHRTEM

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 35 , Issue 2 , April 2000, pp. 423 - 432
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2000

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Aitchison, J. & Brown, J.A.N. (1957) The Lognormal Distribution. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.Google Scholar
Čičel, B. & Kranz, G. (1981) Mechanism of montmorillonite structure degradation by percussive grinding. Clay Miner. 16, 151–162.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drits, V., Eberl, D.D. & Środoń, J. (1998) XKD measurement of mean thickness, thickness distribution and strain for illite and illite/smectite crystallites by the Bertaut-Warren-Averbach technique. Clays Clay Miner. 46, 461–475.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eberl, D.D., Środoń, J., Králik, M., Taylor, B.E. & Peterman, Z.L. (1990) Ostwald ripening of clays and metamorphic minerals. Science, 248, 474–477.Google Scholar
Eberl, D.D., Drits, V., Środoń, J. & Nüesch, R. (1996) MudMaster: a program for calculating crystallite size distribution and strain from the shapes of X-ray diffraction peaks. U.S.G.S., Open File Report 96- 171, Boulder, CO, USA.Google Scholar
Eberl, D.D., Drits, V. & Środoń, J. (1998a) Deducing growth mechanisms for minerals from the shapes of crystal size distributions. Am. J. Sci. 298, 499–533.Google Scholar
Eberl, D.D., Náesch, R., Sucha, V. & Tsipursky, S. (1998b) Measurement of the thickness of fundamental illite particles by X-ray diffraction. Clays Clay Miner. 46, 89–97.Google Scholar
Galko, I. (1998) Vigl'ašská Huta-Kalinka-Stožok, Ceramic Raw Materials. Report, Geofond, Bratislava (in Slovak).Google Scholar
Hlavay, J., Jonas, K., Elek, S. & Inczedy, J. (1977) Characterization of the particle size and the crystallinity of certain minerals by infrared spectrophotometry and other instrumental methods–I. Investigations on clay minerals. Clays Clay Miner. 25, 451-456.Google Scholar
Kotarba, M. & Środoń, J. (2000) Diagenetic evolution of crystallite thickness distribution of illitic material in Carpathian flysh shales studied by the Bertaut- Warren-Averbach XRD method (MudMaster computer program). Clay Miner. 35, 387–395.Google Scholar
Kristof, É., Juhász, A.Z. & Vassányi, I. (1993) The effect of mechanical treatment on the crystal structure and thermal behaviour of kaolinite. Clays Clay Miner. 41, 608–612.Google Scholar
Kühnel, R.A. & Van der Gaast, S.J. (1989) Formation of clay minerals by mechanochemical reactions during grinding of basalt under water. Appl. Clay Sci. 4, 295-305.Google Scholar
Miller, J.G. & Oulton, T.D. (1970) Prototropy in kaolinite during percussive grinding. Clays Clay Miner. 18, 313–323.Google Scholar
Mystkowski, K., Środoń, J. & Elsass, F. (2000) Mean thickness and thickness distribution of smectite crystallites. Clay Miner, (in press).Google Scholar
Pérez-Rodriquez, J.L. & Sánchez-Soto PJ. (1991) The influence of the grinding on the thermal behaviour of pyrophyllite. J. Therm. Anal. 37, 1401–1413.Google Scholar
Pérez-Rodriguez, J.L., Jiménez de Haro, M.C., Ruiz-Conde, A., Aviles, M.A., Justo, A. & Sánchez-Soto, P.J. (1995) Mullite based composites from clay materials containing pyrophyllite. Euroclay 95, Leuven, Belgium. Abstracts vol. pp. 249–250.Google Scholar
Sánchez-Soto, P.J. & Pérez-Rodriguez, J.L. (1989) Formation of mullite from pyrophyllite by mechanical and thermal treatments. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 72, 154–157.Google Scholar
Sánchez-Soto, P.J. & Pérez-Rodriguez, J.L. (1994) Grinding effect on kaolinite-pyrophyllite-illite natural mixtures and its influence on mullite formation. 1 Mater. Sci. 29, 1276–1283.Google Scholar
Sánchez-Soto, P.J., Macias, M. & Pérez-Rodriguez, J.L. (1992) X-ray variance method to determine the crystallite size and lattice distortion of pyrophyllite after mechanical treatment. Br. Ceram. Trans. J. 91, 15–19.Google Scholar
Sánchez-Soto, P.J., Justo, A., Pérez-Rodriguez, J.L. & Morillo, E. (1994) Structural alteration of pyrophyllite by dry grinding as studied by IR spectroscopy. J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 13, 915-918.Google Scholar
Sánchez-Soto, P.J., Pérez-Rodriguez, J.L., Sobrados, I. & Sanz, J. (1997a) Influence of grinding in pyrophyllite - mullite thermal transformation assessed by 29Si and 27A1 MAS NMR spectroscopies. Chem. Mater. 9, 677–684.Google Scholar
Sánchez-Soto, P.J., Wiewiora, A., Avilés, M.A., Justo, A., Pérez-Maqueda, L.A., Pérez-Rodriquez, J.L. & Bylina, P. (1997b) Talc from Puebla de Lillo, Spain. II. Effect of dry grinding on particle size and shape. Appl. Clay Sci. 12, 297–312.Google Scholar
Suraj, G., Iyer, C.S.P., Rugmini, S. & Lalithambika, M. (1997) The effect of micronization on kaolinites and their sorption behaviour. Appl. Clay Sci. 12, 111–130.Google Scholar
Stohl, J., Lexa, J., Kaličiak, M. & Bascó Z. (1994) Genesis of stockwork base metal mineralizations in the Neogene volcanics of West Carpathians. Mineral. Slovaca, 26, 75–117.Google Scholar
Šucha, V., Kraus, I., Šamajová E. & Puškelova L'. (1999) Crystallite size distribution of kaolin minerals. Periodico di mineralogia (in press).Google Scholar
Tessier, D. (1984) Étude experimental de l‘organisation des materiaux argileux. Dr. Science thesis, Univ. Paris VII, France.Google Scholar
Uhlik, P. & Šucha, V. (1997) Distribution of pyrophyllite in the Šobov deposit and comparison with pyrophyllite from Vigl'ašská Huta deposit (Central Slovakia). Mineral. Slovaca, 29, 73–79.Google Scholar
Wiewióra, A., Sánchez-Soto, P.J., Avilás, M.A., Justo, A. & Pérez-Rodriguez, J.L. (1993) Effect of dry grinding and leaching on polytypic structure of pyrophyllite. Appl. Clay Sci. 8, 261–282.Google Scholar