Hostname: page-component-7b7567c8c-kwt9d Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-11-12T09:03:34.603Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Expert System for Structural Characterization of Phyllosilicates: II. Application to Mixed-Layer Minerals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

V. A. Drits and
A. Plançon
V. A. Drits
Affiliation:
Geological Institute, Academy of Sciences, 10917 Moscow, Russia
A. Plançon
Affiliation:
Physics Department, Orléans University, 45100 Orléans-la-Source, France
Get accessRights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The expert system described in the first part of this paper has been applied to the identification of mixed-layer phyllosilicates (mica-smectite, mica-vermiculite, chlorite-smectite, chlorite-vermiculite, chlorite-swelling chlorite, chlorite-mica, chlorite-talc, kaolinite-smectite, talc-smectite), and to the determination of their structural parameters (Reichweite, R, and proportions of constituting layers, Wi). The expert system has been run utilizing the data extracted from (1) experimental XRD patterns for which structural parameters had been evaluated by comparison with calculated patterns, or (2) patterns calculated using pre-selected values of the structural parameters. In all cases examined, the expert system provided correct conclusions concerning the identification of a mixed-layer phyllosilicate and the value of the Reichweite, while the abundances of the component layers were evaluated with a margin of error usually <5%.

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 29 , Issue 1 , March 1994, pp. 39 - 45
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1994

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Bailey, S.W. (1982) Nomenclature for regular interstratifications. Am. Miner.. 67, 394–398.Google Scholar
Brown, G. & Brindley, G.W. (1980) X-ray diffraction procedures for clay mineral identification. Pp. 305–359 in: Crystal Structures of Clay Minerals and their X-Ray Identification (G.W. Brindley & G. Brown, editors), Mineralogical Society, London.Google Scholar
Brusewitz, A.M. (1986) Chemical and physical properties of Paleozoic potassium bentonites from Kinekalle, Sweden. Clays Clay Miner. 34, 442–459.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drits, V.A. & Kossowskaya, A.G. (1990) Clay Minerals. Smectites, Mixed-layer Formation. Nauka editor, Moscow (in Russian).Google Scholar
Drits, V.A. & Kossowskaya, A.G. (1991) Clay Minerals. Micas, Chlorites. Nauka editor, Moscow (in Russian).Google Scholar
Drits, V.A. & Sakharov, B.A. (1976) X-ray Structural Studies of Mixed-layer Minerals. Nauka editor, Moscow (in Russian).Google Scholar
Drits, V.A. & Tchoubar, C. (1990) X-ray diffraction by Disordered Lamellar Structures. Springer Verlag, Berlin.Google Scholar
Eberl, D.D., Środoń, J. & Northrop, H.R. (1986) Potassium fixation in smectite by wetting and drying. ACS Symposium Serie. 323, 296–326.Google Scholar
McCarty, D.K. & Thompson, G.R. (1991) Burial diagenesis in two Montana Tertiary basins. Clays Clay Miner.. 39, 293–305.Google Scholar
Mering, J. (1950) Des réflections des rayons X par les mineraux argileux interstratifies. Trans. 4th Int. Congr. Soil Sci., Amsterda.. 1, 21–26.Google Scholar
Moore, D.M. & Reynolds, R.C. Jr. (1989) Pp. 202–271 in: X-ray diffraction and the Identification and Analysis of Clay Minerals. (Oxford University Press editor) Oxford.Google Scholar
Planjon, A. & Zacharie, C. (1989) An expert system for the structural characterization of kaolinites. Clay Miner. 22, 249–260.Google Scholar
Reynolds, R.C. Jr. & Hower, J. (1970) The nature of interlayering in mixed-layer illite-montmorillonites. Clays Clay Miner. 18, 25–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reynolds, R.C. Jr. (1980) Interstratified clay minerals. Pp. 299–303 in: Crystal Structures of Clay Minerals and their X-ray Identification (G.W. Brindley & G. Brown, editors). Mineralogical Society, London.Google Scholar
Reynolds, R.C. Jr. (1988) Mixed-layer chlorite minerals. Pp. 601-629 in: Hydrous Phyllosilicates (Exclusive of Micas). (S.W. Bailey editor). Mineralogical Society of America.Google Scholar
Robinson, D. & Wright, V.P. (1987) Ordered illite-smectite and kaolinite-smectite: pedogenic minerals in a Lower Carboniferous paleosol sequence, South Wales. Clay Miner. 22, 109–118.Google Scholar
Środoń J., (1980) Precise identification of illite-smectite interstratification by X-ray powder diffraction. Clays Clay Miner. 28, 401–411.Google Scholar
Środoń J., (1981) X-ray identification of randomly interstratified illite-smectite in mixture with discrete illite. Clay Miner. 16, 297–304.Google Scholar
Środoń J., (1984) X-ray powder diffraction identification of illitic materials. Clays Clay Miner. 32, 337–349.Google Scholar
Šrodoń J., & Eberl, D.D. (1984) Illite. Pp. 495–544 in: Micas (S.W. Bailey, editor). Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Suquet, H. & Pezerat, H. (1988) Comments on the classification of trioctahedral 2:1 phyllosilicates, Clays Clay Miner. 36, 184–186.Google Scholar
Watanabe, T. (1981) Identification of illitie-montmorillo- nite interstratification by X-ray powder diffraction. J. Mineral. Soc. Japan Spec. Issue, 32-41.Google Scholar
Watanabe, T., Sawada, Y., Russell, J.D., McHardy, W.J. & Wilson, M.J. (1992) The conversion of montmorillo- nite to interstratified halloysite-smectite by weathering in the Omi acid clay deposit, Japan. Clay Miner. 27, 159–173.Google Scholar