In 1891, Frank S. Goodwin, Esq., of Bakewell, Derbyshire, presented to the British Museum (Natural History) a pair of antlers of red-deer, with fragments of the calvarium attached, which had been obtained, with other cervine remains, from a tufaceous deposit of comparatively modern date near Bakewell, Derbyshire.

The waterways of Wales owe their directions to a complex series of events which it is not our province to discuss in this place, but the minor features of Snowdonia are largely determined by planes of weakness which were produced in the rocks of the region during the occurrence of the marked earth-movements at the close of Silurian and Carboniferous times. The Post-Silurian earth-movements gave rise to planes of weakness running in a general northeast and south-west direction, and in a direction at right angles to this.

It has long been a matter of reproach to British geologists that, with such a grand sequence of Carboniferous rocks as occursinGreat Britain and Ireland, many of which are highly fossiliferous, all attempts to establish life-zones in them have hitherto been unsuccessful. As a subcommittee, appointed by the British Association, has been put into existence to endeavour to zone the Carboniferous rocks, it seems to me that a preliminary comparison with each other of the life-zones already establishedinEussia and Belgium, and as far as is possible to contrast the distribution of the zonal fossils with that which obtainsinGreat Britain, may to some extent clear the ground, and establish some important palaeontological facts as a basis for future work.

In what follows, it is proposed to give a general description of the effects of contact-metamorphism, observed in the rocks altered by the intrusion of the Great Whin Sill in Durham and Northumberland.