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¹⁴ The Irish border issue and the position of citizens' rights are, of course, important to both sides. Their inclusion as an issue requiring resolution as a condition precedent for further negotiations, however, represents a priority placed on it by the European Union.Google Scholar

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¹⁵⁴ Id. at 43–44, para. 4 (2017). Ironically, such an approach would take the same position on the amount of EU contributions as on the notorious “We send the EU £350 million a week” slogan by “Vote Leave” in referendum campaign.Google Scholar

¹⁵⁵ Id. at para. 5.Google Scholar

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¹⁶⁶ Id. at para. 93.Google Scholar

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¹⁷⁴ Chamon, supra note 57, at 616.Google Scholar

¹⁷⁵ James Crisp, Ryanair Boss: ‘No Flights’ Between UK and EU After Brexit, The Telegraph (July 11, 2017, 6:24 PM), http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/07/11/ryanair-chief-michael-oleary-discuss-brexit-effect-aviation/. See also supra note 14, and accompanying text.Google Scholar

¹⁷⁶ On pooled sovereignty, see Jaka, Andras, Neutralizing the Sovereignty Question: Compromise Strategies in Constitutional Argumentation Before European Integration and Since, 37 Eur. Const. L.R. 375, 393 (2006). See also Nález Ústavniho soudu ze dne 26.11.2008 (ÚS) [Decision of the Constitutional Court of Nov. 26, 2008] ÚS 19/08 paras. 104–06 (Czech); Nález Ústavniho soudu ze dne 03.11.2000 (ÚS) [Decision of the Constitutional Court of Nov. 3, 2009] Pl. ÜS 29/09 para. 147 (Czech).Google Scholar

¹⁷⁷ Council Decision, supra note 8, at Explanatory Note; Council Guidelines, supra note 8, at para. 5.Google Scholar

¹⁷⁸ E.g., Kevin Doyle, We Won't Help the UK Come up With Border Solution, Independent (July 28, 2017, 2:59 PM), https://www.independent.ie/business/brexit/we-wont-help-the-uk-come-up-with-border-solution-leo-varadkar-35977592.html.Google Scholar

¹⁷⁹ Vermeule, supra note 97, at 399. For the origin of this approach, see Rawls, John, A Theory of Justice 118–23 (2d ed. 1999). It is also—from a republican rather than a liberal perspective—the same point recently made in respect of “equal concern and respect” for those addressed by a law. See Yuratich, David, Article 13(2) TEU: Institutional Balance, Sincere Co-Operation, and Non-Domination During Lawmaking?, 18 German L.J. 99, 107 (2017) (only applied as between member states rather than citizens). Unless the act of withdrawing from the EU itself manifests a lack of equal concern and respect on the part of the withdrawing member state, its concerns in the process should be hypothesized by the law as being equal to that of the remaining part of the EU.Google Scholar

¹⁸⁰ See supra note 176, and accompanying text.Google Scholar

¹⁸¹ See Declaración 1/2004, supra note 25 (“the right to leave will have a promoting effect on the European integration process”).Google Scholar

¹⁸² Garcia, supra note 2, at 1020.Google Scholar

¹⁸³ Friel, supra note 48, at 426.Google Scholar

¹⁸⁴ Reference re Secession of Quebec, [1998] 2 S.C.R. 217, paras. 90–95, (Can.).Google Scholar

¹⁸⁵ See supra notes 8–12, and accompanying text.Google Scholar

¹⁸⁶ Id. at para 95.Google Scholar

¹⁸⁷ Tridimas, supra note 7, at 313.Google Scholar

¹⁸⁸ Smismans, supra note 1.Google Scholar