A

Aegina, 28–42

Aelian, 242

Aeneas Tacticus, 236–7, 238–40, 242, 245

Agesipolis, 237–8, 245

Agricola, 179–80

Alkmaionids, 57–8, 59–60

Allegoresis, 139–43, 150

Anglo-Saxon culture, 210–12

Aratus, 232–3

Aristocracy in Aegina, 4, 29, 32, 39–42

Aristocratic status, 1–2, 54–5, 59, 60–1, 62

Aristocratic value system, 2, 39, 44, 46, 51–2

Aristophanes

• Clouds, 2

• Wasps, 59

Aristotle, 244–5

• Rhetoric, 60–1

Athens, 57–8

Atrekeia, 9–12, 21

Augustus, 223

B

Bayeux Tapestry, 203–10, 204, 215–29, 216

Binchester, 200–1

Bowness-on-Solway, 194–5

Britain, pre-Roman, 201

Britain, Roman, 178, 179–202

Brough-under-Stainmore, 192

C

Calpurnius Siculus

• Eclogues, 249

Carlisle, 191

Cato

• De agricultura, 249–50

Catterick, 195–6

Charis, 18–19, 21

Chester, 194

Cicero

• Epistulae ad Atticum, 179

Circulation vs. possession of money, 2–4, 61–2, 65, 66, 67–70

Cirencester, 196–7

Coinage, 1, 3, 8–9, 29, 44, 54–5, 56–7, 62, 66

Columella

• De re rustica, 249, 250

Column of Marcus Aurelius, 222

Commodity exchange, 21–2, 26–7, 45, 46–7, 48–9

Compensation, 55–6

Corbridge, 193

Corinth, 231–2

Ctesias, 244–5

D

Dares Phrygius

• de excidio Troiae, 227–8

Death, 68–9

Debt, 5–7, 15–16, 19–20, 47, 49

Demosthenes, 10

Dictys Cretensis

• Ephemeris de bello Troiano, 227–8

Dogs and Greek warfare, 230–46

E

East Farleigh, 201

Egyptian religious beliefs, 143, 144, 150

Elea, 66

Eleusinian mysteries, 65, 66

Embedded and disembedded economies, 3, 45–6

Ensoulment, 146–9

Ephesos, 59, 65–6

Ephoros, 29, 30

Eugenia, 1–2, 59

Euripides

• Electra, 59

• fragments, 59

Eusebius

• Praeparatio evangelica, 143, 147–8

F

Forum of Augustus, Rome, 223–4

Frampton, 198–9

G

Generalized reciprocity, 22–3

Gift exchange, 21, 44, 46–7, 48, 49, 55

Greek verse in Roman Britain, 192–4, 199

H

Hadrian's Wall sites, poetry at, 185–9, 201

Harold II of England, 203–4, 206–10, 214, 215–19, 222, 224–7, 228–9

Herakleitos, 65–6, 69, 145

Herodotus, 2, 30, 57–60, 235–6, 241

Hoarding, 67–8

Homer

• Iliad, 48, 60, 151, 162–3, 169

• Odyssey, 55–6, 140, 141–3, 146, 147, 148–9, 150

Homosociality, 12, 18–19

Horace

• Epodes, 252

• Odes, 247–53

Hospitality (guest-friendship, xenia), 4, 28, 32–3, 36, 42, 48, 52

I

Illumination of manuscripts, 220–3

Inalienable possessions, 4, 25, 27, 48

Indian dogs, 235, 242–3, 244–5

Interest (monetary), 5–6, 15–16, 17, 19, 49

J

Japanese reception, 151–76

Jewish beliefs, 143–4

K

Kelvedon, 200

Kleisthenes, 2, 58

Kroisos, 57–8, 59, 66

L

Land ownership, 28–9, 66–7, 69

Lincoln, 190

Logos, 64

Lokroi, 8–12

London, 183

Lullingstone, 198

Lydia, 66, 240–1

M

Magnesian cavalry, 242

Manga, 151–76, 161, 167, 168, 170, 174, 175

Marcus Aurelius, column of, 222

Martial, 177–8

Megaloprepeia, 44, 46

Menander, 11

Molossian dogs, 242–4

Monetization, 1, 2–4, 45–9, 54–64, 66–7, 69–70

N

Naxos, 236–7

Norman culture, Trojan War in, 210, 211–13

Numenius of Apamea, 139–50

O

Olympic Games, 15–16, 58

Otford, 197–8

Ovid

• Fasti, 248, 249, 250, 252

• Metamorphoses, 216

P

Panhellenic culture, 2

Panhellenic Games, 39, 42, 54

Parmenides, 63–5, 66, 69

Patron–poet relationship, 4, 7–9, 12, 20–1, 23–4, 27, 28, 33, 41–2, 47, 50–1

Pausanias, 29–30

Peloponnesian War, 231–2, 236

Perikles, 60, 61

Philosophy and monetization, 4, 60–7

Phya, 4, 28, 35–6, 37, 39–42

Pindar

• Isthmian Odes, 4, 8, 31, 33–5, 36, 37–9, 43–53, 67–9

• Nemean Odes, 8, 31, 35, 36, 37, 40–1, 67–8

• Olympian Odes, 5–27, 36, 47, 49, 69

• Paeans, 36

• Pythian Odes, 8, 14, 36, 40, 47

Plato, 61–2, 66–7, 143

• Critias, 149

• Phaedo, 69

• Politicus, 149

• Republic, 62, 64, 140

• Theaetetus, 62

Pliny the Elder, 241–2, 249, 253

Plutarch

• Aratus, 232–3

• On Isis and Osiris, 140, 144

• On Listening to the Poets, 140

• Pericles, 10–11

Poetry, commoditization of, 47–53

Poetry in Roman Britain, 177–202

Polyaenus

• Stratagemata, 237–8, 240–1

Polybius, 10

Porphyry

• Ad Gaurum, 146

• De antro nympharum, 141–3, 144–7, 148–9

Possession vs. circulation of money, 2–4, 61–2, 65, 66, 67–70

Proclus

• Commentary on the Timaeus, 149–50

Prudentius

• Psychomachia, 221–2

R

Record-keeping, 6–7

Roman culture, dissemination of, 177–80, 201–2, 210–11

S

Sculpture, Aeginetan, 31–2

Second World War, 155, 167–8, 230

Self-sufficiency, 3, 44, 60–1, 62, 63–4

Siege warfare, 236–40

Silchester, 199

Sophocles

• Oedipus Tyrannus, 69

• fragments, 59

Sostratos of Aegina, 30

Sparta, 237–8

Strabo, 29

Sweyn ‘Forkbeard’, 213

Symbolic capital, 4, 24–5, 32, 41, 52, 53, 55

T

Tacitus

• Agricola, 179–80

Tezuka Osamu, 151–76

Theognis, 64

Thucydides, 59, 236

Tokos, 4, 17

Trade, 29–32, 44–5, 65–6

Trajan's Column, 222–3

Transactional orders, 26–7

V

Varro

• De re rustica, 249

Virgil

• Aeneid, 172, 198, 199, 204–6, 210–20, 223–5, 229

W

Warfare, dogs and, 230–46

Water and the soul, 141–6, 150

Wealth, 28–9, 41, 42, 45–6, 54–5, 59, 66–8

Wilcote, 199

William the Conqueror, 214–15, 218–19, 220, 225, 226

Wroxeter, 182–3

X

Xenia (hospitality, guest-friendship), 4, 28, 32–3, 36, 42, 48, 52

Xenophon

• Cynegeticus, 233–4, 243

• Hellenica, 236

Xerxes I, 235

Y

York, 183–5, 190–1

Z

Zeno of Elea, 64