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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 14 July 2016
Let Zn be the number of individuals in the n-th generation of a simple (discrete, one-type) Galton-Watson process, descended from a single ancestor. Write
and assume, as usual, that 0 < F(0) < 1. It is well known that the p.g.f. of Zn is Fn (s), the n-th functional iterate of F(s), and that if the process is construed as a Markov chain on the states 0, 1, 2,…, then its n-step transition probabilities are given by