Guy Brock, PhD , Professor, Department of Biomedical Informatics; Associate Director, Center for Biostatistics, Ohio State University College of Medicine , Columbus, OH, USA

Robert A. Clark, MD , Associate Vice President for Translational Science and Director; Institute for Integration of Medicine and Science; Professor, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA

Vicki L. Ellingrod, PharmD, FCCP, FACNP , Dean and John Gideon Searle Professor of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Professor of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

Julio Facelli, PhD , Distinguished Professor of Biomedical Informatics, Associate Director for Biomedical Informatics, Utah Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

Robert P. Kimberly, MD , Howard L. Holley Professor of Medicine, Senior Associate Dean, UAB Heersink School of Medicine, UAB Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Birmingham, AB, USA

Rhonda G. Kost, MD , Associate Professor of Clinical Investigation, Vice-Chair, Institutional Review Board, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA

Emma A. Meagher, MD , Senior Vice Dean, Clinical & Translational Research, Perelman School of Medicine; Vice President, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Scott J. Steele, PhD , Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD

Kathleen R. Stevens, RN, EdD, ANEF, FAAN , Texas Implementation Science Research Network, Institute for Integration of Medicine and Science; |University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX,

Editors

Jennifer Armstrong, MD, MPH, FAHA , Academic and Scientific Medical Director, Investigational New Drug and Device Office, Colorado Institutional Review Board Co-Chair; Inpatient Medical Director, Child Neurology; Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA

Jiang Bian, PhD , Chief Data Scientist, Regenstrief Institute Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA

Arleen F. Brown, MD, PhD , Professor, Department of Medicine; Leader, Community Engagement and Research Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA

Gayathri Devi , PhD, Program Director, Duke Inflammatory Breast Cancer Consortium, Associate Director, Research Education, Surgery, Associate Professor of Surgery and Pathology, Duke Cancer Institute Programs: Women’s Cancer; Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Duke University Medical Center, USA

Estela S. Estapé, MT, PhD, DHL , Professor and Director, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine Research Center; Senior Advisor, post-doctoral Master in Clinical and Translational Research, University of Puerto Rico; President & Founder, Dr. Estela S. Estape & Associates, Inc., San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA

Megan Falsetta , PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA

J. Wilfred Fan , PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Artificial Intelligence and Informatics, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

Ayorkor Gaba, PsyD , Assistant Professor of Clinical Psychology; Director, Behavioral Health Equity Advancement Lab, The Department of Counseling and Clinical Psychology, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

Niranjan S. Karnik, MD, PhD , The J. Usha Raj Professor of Psychiatry & Pediatrics; Co-Director, Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Illinois Chicago, IL, USA

Nick Kenyon, MD, MAS, Professor of Medicine , Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA

Eric Mah, EdD, MHS , Altman Clinical & Translational Research Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

Aileen P. McGinn, PhD , Director, Clinical Research Training Program; Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Population HealthAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA

Lloyd Michener, MD , Emeritus Professor, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Adjunct Professor, Public Health Leadership, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

Justin B. Moore, PhD, MS, FACSM , Professor and Chair (interim), Department of Implementation Science, Director for Dissemination, Implementation, and Continuous Quality Improvement, Wake Forest Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA

Rahma Mungia BDS, MSc, DDPHRCS , BDS, MSc, DDPHRCS, Associate Professor, Department of Periodontics; Director, South Texas Oral Health Network; Director, Certificate in Translational Science Program; Asst. Director, Southwest Node, National Dental PBRN, UT Health San Antonio, TX, USA

Marie Norman, PhD , PhD, Professor of Medicine and Clinical and Translational Sciences; Director, IDEA Lab; Director, Online Training Innovations; Co-Director, Team Science Core, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA

Roy Poblete, MS, MD , Department of Neurology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Los Angeles General Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Susan Pusek, DrSC , Nc TraCS Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

Christine Sorkness, RPh, PharmD , Senior Associate Executive Director of the Institute for Clinical and Translational Research; Professor, School of Pharmacy and the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA

Jonathan Tobin, PhD , President & CEO, Clinical Directors Network, Inc.Prof., Department of Epidemiology & Population HealthAlbert Einstein College of Medicine; Co-director, Community-Engaged Research Core & Adjunct Professor; The Rockefeller University Hospital; Center for Clinical & Translational Science, New York, NY, USA

Boris B. Volkov, PhD , Clinical and Translational Science Institute & Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

Methods Editors

Reuben Adatorwovor, PhD , Institute of Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics, and Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA

MinJae Lee, PhD , Professor of Biostatistics, Division Co-Director, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA

Roy T. Sabo, PhD , PhD, Professor of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA

Sarah J. Schmiege PhD , Center for Innovative Design and Analysis, Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, USA, Aurora, CO, USA

Yaomin Xu, PhD, MS, Associate Professor , Director of Translational Informatics, Department of Health Data Science and Biostatistics, Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA

Editors for Education and Scholarship in Scientific Publishing

Cynthia D. Morris, PhD, MPH , Professor, Department of Medicine; Director, Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA

Doris M. Rubio, PhD , Associate Vice Chancellor for Faculty Advancement, Health Sciences Director, Institute for Clinical Research Education; Professor of Medicine, Biostatistics, Nursing, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Institute for Clinical Research Education, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

Assistant Editor

Sangeetha Vadakke-Madathil, PhD , Assistant Professor of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA