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Nanoporous zero-valent iron

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 December 2005

Jiasheng Cao,
Patrick Clasen and
Wei-xian Zhang
Jiasheng Cao
Affiliation:
Center for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
Patrick Clasen
Affiliation:
Center for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
Wei-xian Zhang*
Affiliation:
Center for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: wez3@lehigh.edu
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Abstract

Hollow and nanoporous particles of zero-valent iron (ZVI) were prepared with template-directed synthesis. Polymer resin beads (0.4 mm diameter) were coated with nanoscale iron particles by reductive precipitation of ferrous iron [Fe(II)] with sodium borohydride. The resin was calcinated at 400 °C to produce hollow and nanoporous iron spheres. The nanoporous iron oxides were then reduced to metallic iron by hydrogen at 500 °C. Scanning electron microscope images of the reduced iron spheres showed that the particles were hollow. The shell thickness was approximately 5 μm and highly porous. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller specific surface area was 2100 m2/kg. In comparison, the theoretical specific surface area of solid iron particles of the same size is just 1.9 m2/kg. Batch tests showed that the surface area normalized reactivity of the porous particles were 14–31% higher than microscale iron particles with similar surface areas for the transformation of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], azo dye Orange II {4-[(2-hydroxyl-1-naphthalenyl)azo]-benzenesulfonic acid monosodium}, and trichloroethene. The combined performance enhancement (larger surface area and higher surface activity) is significant (>1200 times).

Keywords

Chemical reactivityMetalPorosity

Information

Type
Articles—Energy and The Environment Special Section
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 20 , Issue 12 , December 2005, pp. 3238 - 3243
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2005

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