stephen colbrook is a PhD candidate at the Institute of the Americas, University College London, researching a thesis on the policy response to the early AIDS crisis. stephen.colbrook.19@ucl.ac.uk https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4590-5092

mohammad-saÏd darviche is Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Montpellier. He is currently working on a project comparing modes of policy decision making in government processes (Who governs?) in the health policy sector since the financial crisis in France, Germany, the UK, and the USA. The starting point for this work is the hypothesis that competition within the state between “custodians of policy” and “austerians” is the driving force for contemporary policy innovation. He has coauthored with William Genieys, Catherine Hoeffler, and Jean Joana, “Des ‘long timers’ au sommet de l’Etat américain. Les secteurs de la Défense et de la Santé (1988-2010),” Gouvernement et action publique, vol. 2 no. 1 (2013): 10–38. said.darviche@umontpellier.fr

brent epperson is a postdoctoral fellow in Political Science at the Department of Political Science, University of Montpellier. He is currently working with Dr. Darviche on a project on health care policy decision making: https://anr.fr/Project-ANR-17-FRAL-0008. epperson@ualberta.ca

william genieys is a CNRS Research Director of Politics and Sociology at the Center for European Studies and Comparative Politics at Sciences Po. He spent twenty years at the University of Montpellier, where he was director of the CEPEL (CNRS-UMR). He was awarded the ‘Prix d’excellence en science politique’ by the Fondation Matéï Dogan in 2013. His research deals with (a) comparative sociology of elites, (b) the programmatic approach of policy change, and (c) recomposition of states elites’ power: the government of insiders. He recently finished a book-length manuscript entitled “The Government of Insiders in the US Health Insurance Sector.” Among his publications are Las élites españolas ante el cambio de régimen politico (CIS, 2004), L’élite des politiques de l’Etat (Presses de SciencesPo, 2008), The New Custodians of the State (2010), Sociologie politique des élites (Armand Colin, 2011), and with Marc Smyrl, Elites, Ideas, and the Evolution of Public Policy (Palgrave, 2008). Active both in the fields of sociology and political science, he has published in French journals including Revue française de science politique, Revue française de Sociologie, Sociologie du travail, Revue internationale de politique comparée, and Gouvernement et action publique, as well as international journals such as Comparative Politics; Governance; International Political Science Review; French Politics; Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law; International Journal of Urban and Regional Research; and Revista de Estudios Politicos. william.genieys@sciencespo.fr

bradley d. hays is an associate professor of political science at Union College. He writes about political development and constitutional politics and is the author of States in American Constitutionalism: Interpretation, Authority, and Politics. haysb@union.edu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3080-3563

rick loessberg recently retired as the Director of Planning & Development for Dallas County, Texas. With a public sector career of almost forty years, he has managed many of the types of programs that the Kerner Report recommended and has served on and helped staff numerous special committees. He has also written a number of articles on the Kerner Report, including its legacy, how Herbert Gans came to write one of the report’s chapters, and the development of the report’s summary. rickloessberg@yahoo.com

deondra rose is Associate Professor of Public Policy, Political Science, and History at Duke University’s Sanford School of Public Policy. She is the author of Citizens by Degree: Higher Education Policy and the Changing Gender Dynamics of American Citizenship (Oxford University Press, 2018). deondra.rose@duke.edu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5072-327X