^{page 149 note *} These calculations were made before Sardinia joined the Western Powers.

^{page 150 note *} One hundred thousand of the seamen in the merchant service were, it is said, foreigners.—Census Enumeration, 1811.

^{page 150 note †} It is known that there were foreigners in the navy; and it has been assumed, in the absence of data, that the proportions were the same as in the army.

^{page 151 note *} The numbers are given in detail in the ‘Force Militaire ,’ vol. i., p. 240;Google Scholar by Baron C. Dupin. See also Sir Gilbert Blane's works for the naval losses. Mr. Hodge is preparing a valuable paper on the mortality of the army, in which he has revised all these numbers.

^{page 152 note *} The mortality among the Dorchester labourers of the age 20-40 is less than 1 percent., so that luxuries are not necessary in the sanatory sense.

^{page 152 note †} These numbers can be calculated if the necessary data are supplied.

^{page 153 note *} Porter's Progress of the Nation. Ed. 1851, pp. 505-7.

^{page 153 note †} The price of an ounce of gold was £4·500 in the inconvertible bank note currency of 1811; it is now worth £3·894 nearly, in our convertible currency.

^{page 154 note *} The expenditure in 1851, under the head of army, navy, and ordnance supplies, was £14,873,838 on the force of the country, which was exclusive of 29,096 men in the East Indies, 149,677 men; or £99·378 per man. Our ordnance supplies mix up the expenditure on the army and navy stores, so that it is difficult to allot to the sea and land forces their exact share of the aggregate ordnance supply.

^{page 154 note †} See some of the details of this estimate in Income Tax Inquiry, evidence of W. Farr.

^{page 154 note ‡} This sum is exclusive of the various terminable annuities.