Published online by Cambridge University Press: 22 April 2026
[IE pure N-grades of the
and
types yield Alb. ul/lu and ur/ru, except where Ә appears to have been inserted (perhaps because the form in the N-grade was difficult to pronounce). The extended grades arising in this way fall together with original R-grades, which on becoming stressed or restressed yield Albanian combinations with the vowel a. IE N-grades of the
and
types are indistinguishable from extended grades and R-grades; they yield âm and ân in the Geg dialect, ëm and ën in Tosk. The article presents the evidence for these developments in a large number of etymologies, many of them new.]
1 In order to avoid the scanty documentation which characterizes most attempts at explaining Albanian phonology, the writer spent two years (1929–31) in various parts of Albania, solely with the purpose of obtaining fresh linguistic material at first hand. The material is gradually being published in the form of a Historical Albanian and English Dictionary (Brno, 1938-), now unfortunately held up by the war. After removing some thousands of Greek and Turkish loan words admitted by Gustav Meyer into his Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache (Strassburg, 1891), it is expected that there will be a residue of some 66,000 entries, many of them showing clear IE affinities.
In the present article, Meyer's dictionary and the two works by Hans Krahe—Die alten balkanillyrischen geographischen Namen (Heidelberg, 1925) and Lexikon altillyrischer Personennamen (Heidelberg, 1929)—are cited simply by the author's name. References will be found s.v. in the appropriate work.