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More Hittite Words

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 April 2026

Clive H. Carruthers
Clive H. Carruthers*
Affiliation:
McGill University
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Extract

The word kutrus ‘witness’ is represented also in the secondary formations kutruwatar The giving of evidence’, kutruwā(i)~ To cause witnesses to testify’(?), and the preterite form kutruwahhun ‘made (one) a witness.’ Abstracts in -tar (gen. -nnas < *-tnas) are frequently formed in Hittite from nominal stems, e.g. parkuwatar ‘height’ : parkus ‘high’, irmatar ‘illness’: irmas ‘ill’, antuhsatar ‘virtus’: antuhsas ‘man.’ Examples of denominative verbs in -ā(i) are: hu(w)es(u)wā(i)- ‘be alive’: hu(w)esus ‘alive’, dammeshā(i)- ‘harm, punish’: dam(m)eshas ‘harm, punishment’, happarā(i)- ‘give out, sell’: happar ‘business transaction.’

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Language , Volume 9 , Issue 2-Part1 , June 1933 , pp. 151 - 161
Copyright
Copyright © 1933 Linguistic Society of America

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References

1 Sommer, BoSt 7.142..10.76; Götze, KlF 1.178.

2 Götze, Madd. 95, KlF 1.178.

3 Hrozný, CH. 94.7.10; Götze, Madd. 82.

4 Friedrich, Vert. 2.101.

5 So Solmsen, Muller, Walde.

6 So Skutsch, Walde, Ernout-Meillet.

7 This suggestion I owe to Sturtevant.

8 This derivation has been accepted by J. Schmidt, Prellwitz, Bechtel, Walde- Pokorny, Boisacq, Ernout-Meillet (s.v. quattuor), Muller (p. 372) and others; some explain the Greek form by dissimilation.

9 Approved by Walde LEW2 and Walde-Pokorny; various other connections are made by Muller, Brugmann, Thurneysen, Ernout-Meillet.

10 V. Ernout-Meillet, Diet. Ét. 392; the connection is doubtfully made by Walde, LEW2 332.

11 Brugmann, Ber. der sächs. Ges. 1900, 411.

12 Götze, KlF. 1.201.

13 Sommer-Ehelolf, BoSt. 10.18 f.; Sturte vant, Language 4.230.

14 11th edition, 2.582.

15 Kurt Bittel in Mitteil, der deutsch. Orient-Gesellschaft, Nr. 70. p. 21.

16 Also Hitt, kuenna-, kuennes-, kuennesk- ‘strike’, kuenniyanza ‘stricken, slain?’.

17 Götze, K1F 1.235.

18 Cf. akuwakuwas ‘frog’ as ‘the continuous drinker’ or ‘the water-animal par excellence’, Language 6.160.

19 Hrozný, CH 148.12; Friedrich, OLZ 26.47.

20 Boisacq, Dict. Ét. s.v.

21 Brugmann, IF 28.29 ff.

22 Walde-Pokorny, VWIS s.v. pumes-.

23 VWIS s.v. pumes-.

24 KBo VI 26 I 22.26; Hrozný, CH 126.

25 This follows a suggestion of Sturtevant, though in his Hittite Glossary he proposes the translation ‘gets caught’.

26 Friedrich, Der hethitische Soldateneid, col.4 11.12-15, ZA NF 1.169, 189.

27 Friedrich, ZA NF 1.189; Hrozný, CH 58.52.

28 Hrozný, CH 135.

29 CIL 2, 3820.

30 Müller, Hdbh der klassischen Altertumswissenschaft, Religion und Kultus der Römer, 35, 142, 415.

31 Walde, LEW2 541: *peli-.

32 Walde, l.c.

33 Cf. Gloss. Epinal. stabulum, falæd.

34 Götze, KlF 1.187.

35 Götze, l.c.

36 Cf. uwantiwantaz, wantaz (abl.). Sayce, JRAS 1930.314, interprets the word as ‘cloud’.

37 Other certain connections of νθραξ fail: e.g. ON. sindr ‘slag’, NHG. Sinter ‘dross’, as from *sendhro-, accepted by Fick I4.562, Boisacq, Diet. Ét. 63, but rejected by Kluge, Et. Wb.6 366.

38 S.v. chervil the NED quotes C. Marshall, 1813 ‘formerly in much estimation for its warm; taste.’

39 For the reduplication cf. kunkunuzzi above.

40 Cf. Servius in Aen. 3.172: attonitus est stupefactus; nam proprie attonitus dicitur cui casus vicini fulminis et sonitus tonitruum dant stuporem.

41 Hrozný, BoSt 3.1662; Götze, ZA NF 5.79.

42 Hrozný, l.c.

43 Friedrich, Vert. 2.188.

44 Ehelolf, ZA NF 5.79.

45 Meillet, MSL 10.280.

46 E.g. by Meringer, IF 18.246 f.; v. Feist, Et. Wb. s.v.

47 KUB 9.22.2.22 ff.

48 Lat. tabula is etymologically unclear. Ernout-Meillet incline to believe that it is a borrowed word. Umbr. tafle need not be the same word.

49 IF 32.326. On this basis Grk. άφάω, , can be included in the group.

50 VWIS s.v. abh.

51 IF 29.238 n.

52 The treatment of IH diphthong oi in Hittite is not altogether clear, but cf. -si, Grk. oi, enclitic 3 pers. pronoun.

53 Sturtevant, Language 3. 121, 4.151; Carruthers, Language 6.163.

54 Weidner, Stud. 124; Marstrander, Car. 141.

55 E.g. Meillet, MSL 13.291 f., Etudes 418: IE. *; Schulze, SB d. preuss. Ak. d. W. 1910. 788,793: IE. *palsó-s; Sommer, Gr. Lautst. 74: *.