¹ In addition to the acknowledgements, here renewed, in fn. 1 of PS I (Lg. 32.73 [1956]), thanks are hereby extended to the Social Science Research Council for a Faculty Research Fellowship, which made possible field trips to the Atsugewi, Shasta, and Achumawi during the period June–December 1956.

To the earlier bibliography are added : R. B. Dixon, Notes on the Achomawi and Atsugewi Indians of Northern California, AA 10.208–20 (1908); id., The Chimariko Indians and language, UCPAEE 5.293–380 (1910); D. L. Olmsted, Palaihnihan and Shasta I: Labial stops, Lg. 32.73–7 (1956), hereafter referred to as PS I; Edward Sapir, The Hokan and Coahuiltecan languages, IJAL 1.280–90 (1920); id., A note on the first person plural in Chimariko, IJAL 1.291–4 (1922); id., The Hokan affinity of Subtiaba in Nicaragua, AA 27.402–35, 491–527 (1925).

My materials have been greatly extended by the addition of unpublished materials, mainly texts, collected by the late Jaime de Angulo from the up-river bands of Achumawi. I wish to thank Nancy Freeland de Angulo, whose generous loan made their use possible. Forms quoted have been written in the phonemic orthography of PS I.

Field work during 1956 led to the discovery of an informant from the Dixie Valley band of Atsugewi. Consistent differences appear between this dialect and the Hat Creek dialect (Atsugewi proper). Atsugewi forms are Hat Creek unless otherwise marked; Dixie Valley forms are marked DV. So far as is known, these materials are the only Dixie Valley linguistic forms ever collected.

² Dixon 1910.

³ Both forms from Sapir 1920.

⁴ One of the most difficult points of interpretation of previous transcriptions is their writing ts for both [tš] (i.e. /j/) and [ts] (i.e. /ts/), especially since some morphs in Ajumawi show alternation between /j/ and /ts/ and others do not.

⁵ All three forms from Sapir 1925.

⁶ Forms from Sapir 1917.

⁷ From my field notes.