Hostname: page-component-74656f9884-j7cmm Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-11-08T02:44:02.927Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Revisiting Anaphoric Islands

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 February 2026

Alice C. Harris
Alice C. Harris*
Affiliation:
Stony Brook University
*
Linguistics Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-4376, [alice.harris@stonybrook.edu]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Postal (1969) discusses words as anaphoric islands. So-called outbound anaphora was further discussed in a series of papers published in the 1970s through the early 1990s, but inbound anaphora, such as Postal's himite (beside McCarthyite), has received less attention. It is shown here that a wide variety of words in Georgian are based on pronouns, including fully referential personal pronouns, reflexive pronouns, question words, quantifiers, and negative pronouns. Thus, the nonoccuring combinations of English are a language-particular problem.

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Language , Volume 82 , Issue 1 , March 2006 , pp. 114 - 130
Copyright
Copyright © 2006 by Linguistic Society of America

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Abdullaev, A. K. 1979. Slovoobrazovanie i sklonenie proizvodnyx imennyx osnov v cezskom jazyke. Imennoe sklonenie v dagestanskix jazykax, ed. by Mejlanova, U. A., 123–32. Maxackala: Dagestanskij Filial Akademii Nauk SSSR.Google Scholar
Ackerman, Farrell, and Webelhuth, Gerd. 1998. A theory of predicates. Stanford, CA: CSLI Publications.Google Scholar
Anderson, Stephen R. 1992. A-morphous morphology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Asatiani, Irine. 1973. -r supiksis k'vali megrul zmnaši [Traces of the suffix -r in the Mingrelian verb]. Iberiul-k'avk'asiuri enatmecniereba 18. 273–83.Google Scholar
Booij, Geert E. 1985. Coordination reduction in complex words: A case for prosodic phonology. Advances in nonlinear phonology, ed. by van, Harry Hulst, der and Smith, Norval, 143–60. Dordrecht: Foris.Google Scholar
Booij, Geert E. 1998. Demarcation of inflection: A synoptical survey. Models of inflection, ed. by Fabri, Ray, Ortmann, Albert, and Parodi, Teresa, 11–27. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer.Google Scholar
Bresnan, Joan, and Mchombo, Sam A.. 1987. Topic, pronoun, and agreement in Chicheŵa. Language 63. 741–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bresnan, Joan, and Mchombo, Sam A.. 1995. The lexical integrity principle: Evidence from Bantu. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 13. 181–254.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Browne, Wayles. 1974. On the topology of anaphoric islands. Linguistic Inquiry 5. 619–20.Google Scholar
Čikobava, Arnold, Axvlediani, G., Pacnaʒe, Sim., K'up'raʒe, Vikt'., Lomouri, Tamar, Topuria, Varlam.; and C'ereteli, G. (eds.) 1950–64. Kartuli enis ganmart'ebiti leksik'oni [Explanatory dictionary of the Georgian language]. Tbilisi: Ak'ademia.Google Scholar
Corum, Claudia. 1973. Anaphoric peninsulas. Chicago Linguistic Society 9. 89–97.Google Scholar
Harris, Alice C. 2000. Where in the word is the Udi clitic? Language 76. 593–616.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, Alice C. 2002a. Endoclitics and the origins of Udi morphosyntax. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, Alice C. 2002b. Origins of apparent violations of the ‘no phrase’ constraint in Modern Georgian. Linguistic Discovery 1.2.1–25. Online: http://journals.dartmouth.edu/webobjbin/WebObjects/Journals.woa/1/xmlpage/1/article/141?htmlOnce=yes.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Imnaišvili, I. 1957. Saxelta bruneba da brunvata punkciebi ʒvel kartulši [The declension of nouns and the functions of cases in Old Georgian]. Tbilisi: Universit'et'i.Google Scholar
Jorbenaʒe, Besarion, K'obaiʒe, M.; and Beriʒe, M.. 1988. Kartul enis morpemebisa da modaluri element'ebis leksik'oni [Dictionary of morphemes and modal elements of the Georgian language]. Tbilisi: Mecniereba.Google Scholar
Lakoff, George, and Ross, John Robert. 1972. A note on anaphoric islands and causatives. Linguistic Inquiry 3. 121–25.Google Scholar
Lieber, Rochelle. 1984. Grammatical rules and sublexical elements. Chicago Linguistic Society 20.2.187–99.Google Scholar
Lieber, Rochelle. 1992. Deconstructing morphology: Word formation in syntactic theory. Chicago: Chicago University Press.Google Scholar
Nespor, Marina. 1985. The phonological word in Italian. Advances in nonlinear phonology, ed. by van, Harry Hulst, der and Smith, Norval, 193–204. Dordrecht: Foris.Google Scholar
Postal, Paul. 1969. Anaphoric islands. Chicago Linguistic Society 5. 205–39.Google Scholar
Rood, David S. 2002. Polysynthetic word formation: Wichita contributions to the morphology/syntax debate. Morphology 2000: Selected papers from the 9th Morphology Meeting, Vienna, 24-28 February 2000, ed. by Bendjaballah, Sabrina, Dressler, Wolfgang U., Pfeiffer, Oskar E., and Voeikova, Maria, 293–304. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sadock, Jerry. 1980. Noun incorporation in Greenlandic. Language 56. 300–319.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Šaniʒe, Ak'ak'i. 1973 [1973]. Kartuli enis gramat'ik'is sapuʒvlebi [Fundamentals of the grammar of the Georgian language]. Tbilisi: Universit'et'i.Google Scholar
Simpson, Jane Helen. 1983. Aspects of Warlpiri morphology and syntax. Cambridge, MA: MIT dissertation.Google Scholar
Simpson, Jane. 1991. Warlpiri morpho-syntax: A lexicalist approach. Dordrecht: Kluwer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spencer, Andrew. 1991. Morphological theory. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Sproat, Richard. 1988. On anaphoric islandhood. Theoretical morphology: Approaches in modern linguistics, ed. by Hammond, Michael and Noonan, Michael, 291–301. San Diego: Academic Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sproat, Richard. 1993. Looking into words. Studies in lexical phonology (Phonetics and phonology 4), ed. by Hargus, Sharon and Kaisse, Ellen M., 173–95. San Diego: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Sproat, Richard, and Ward, Gregory. 1987. Pragmatic considerations in anaphoric island phenomena. Chicago Linguistic Society 23. 321–35.Google Scholar
Tschenkéli, Kita. 1958. Einführung in die georgische Sprache, vol. 1. Zürich: Amirani.Google Scholar
Tschenkéli, Kita. 1960–74. Georgisch-Deutsches Wöterbuch. Zürich: Amirani.Google Scholar
van den Berg, Helma. 1995. A grammar of Hunzib (with texts and lexicon). Munich: LINCOM Europa.Google Scholar
Ward, Gregory, Sproat, Richard; and McKoon, Gail. 1991. A pragmatic analysis of so-called anaphoric islands. Language 67. 439–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar