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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 26 February 2010
The n-th roots of unity 1, ω, …, ωn-1, where ω = exp (2πi\n), are linearly dependent in the field Q of rationals since, for instance, their sum vanishes. We are here concerned with the linearrelations between them with integral coefficients. Let U denote the vector space of elements u = (u0, …, un−1) over Q and let N be the subspace of elements u defined by the relation u0+u1ω+…+un−1ωn−1=0. (1)