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The Evolution of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as MRI Contrast Agents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 July 2020

Aileen O'Shea,
Anushri Parakh,
Rita Maria Lahoud,
Sandeep Hedgire and
Mukesh G Harisinghani
Aileen O'Shea
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
Anushri Parakh
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
Rita Maria Lahoud
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
Sandeep Hedgire
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
Mukesh G Harisinghani
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Abstract

While the use of iron oxide nanoparticles as magnetic resonance contrast agents for clinical imaging is established, they are more recently experiencing renewed interest as alternatives to gadolinium-based contrast agents. Ultra-small iron oxide nanoparticles have unique pharmacokinetics, metabolic and imaging properties. These properties have led to improved techniques for imaging a variety of vascular, oncologic and inflammatory conditions with iron oxide nanoparticles. Current research efforts are aimed at harnessing the characteristics of these nanoparticles to advance magnetic resonance imaging techniques and explore new therapeutic potentials. While there are some limitations to the use of iron oxide nanoparticles, including allergies to parenteral iron and iron storage disorders, the practicable applications for these agents will continue to expand. The purpose of this review is to provide a brief overview of the history and synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles, their current applications in clinical imaging and their prospective clinical applications.

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Type
Review Article
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MRS Advances , Volume 5 , Issue 42: Nanoscale and Quantum Materials , 2020, pp. 2157 - 2168
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Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2020

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