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Porous Spherical Shells and Microspheres by Electrodispersion Precipitation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2011

Michael T. Harris,
Warren G. Sisson,
Susan M. Hayes,
Sophie J. Bobrowski and
Osman A. Basaran
Michael T. Harris
Affiliation:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6224
Warren G. Sisson
Affiliation:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6224
Susan M. Hayes
Affiliation:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6224
Sophie J. Bobrowski
Affiliation:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6224
Osman A. Basaran
Affiliation:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6224
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Abstract

Pulsed electric fields have been used to enhance the dispersion of aqueous metal (Zr and Al) salt solutions from a nozzle and into a nonconducting liquid continuous phase that is immiscible with the aqueous phase. The diameter of the resulting microdroplets ranged in size from approximately 0.1 to 10 μm. Precipitation of hydrous metal oxides occurred as ammonia, which was dissolved in varying amounts in the continuous phase, diffused into the aqueous microdroplets. Spherical shells were formed at higher ammonia concentrations and microspheres were produced at lower ammonia concentrations. Upon drying, dimples appeared in the particles that were synthesized at higher ammonia concentrations. The latter result accords with the well known fact that under certain conditions spherical shells collapse when a fluid is extracted from the core of the particle. No dimples were observed in the microspheres that were produced at lower ammonia concentrations. Analog X-ray dot maps for aluminum and zirconium were done to determine the spatial distribution of each metal in the particles.

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