Hostname: page-component-7b7567c8c-7pwfn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-11-15T12:23:15.480Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Rapid Solidification of Metastable Materials

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2011

Howard Liebermann and
John Walter
Howard Liebermann
Affiliation:
General Electric Corporate Research and Development, Schenectady, New York 12345, USA
John Walter
Affiliation:
General Electric Corporate Research and Development, Schenectady, New York 12345, USA
Get access

Abstract

There are numerous processing methods available for the fabrication of rapidly-solidified metastable alloys. Examples include splat quenching, melt-spinning, surface melting and quenching, melt atomization and solidification, and deposition by sputtering and evaporation. Experimental aspects of each of these fabrication methods will be discussed. These include solidification and quench rate, process control, and final product morphology and microstructure. Some properties of an amorphous alloy prepared by several of these processing methods will be discussed.

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 8 , 1981, 111
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1982

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

REFERENCES

1.Giessen, B.C. in: Developments in the Structural Chemistry of Alloy Phases, Giessen, B.C. ed. (Plenum, New York 1979) pp. 227–281.Google Scholar
2.Jones, H. and Suryanarayana, C., J. Mat. Sci. 8, 705 (1973).Google Scholar
3.Ramachandrarao, P. et al. , Phil. Mag. 25, 961 (1972).10.1080/14786437208229316Google Scholar
4.Cahn, R.W. et al. , Mat. Sci. Eng. 23, 83 (1976).Google Scholar
5.Polk, D.E. and Giessen, B.C. in: Metallic Glasses (ASK, Metals Park 1978) pp. 1–35.Google Scholar
6.Cahn, R.W., Contemp. Phys. 21, 43 (1980).Google Scholar
7.Suryanarayana, C., Sci. Rep. RITU A–28, 143 (1980).Google Scholar
8.Jones, H., Rep. Progr. Phys. 36, 1425 (1973).Google Scholar
9.Jones, H. in: Rapid Solidification Processing Principles and Technologies, Mehrabian, R., Kear, B.H., and Cohen, M. eds. (Claitor's Publishing Division, Baton Rouge 1978) pp. 28–45.Google Scholar
10.Ruhl, R.C., Mat. Sci. Eng. 1, 313 (1967).10.1016/0025-5416(67)90013-4Google Scholar
11.Klement, W. et al. , Nature 187, 869 (1960);10.1038/187869b0Google Scholar
Duwez, P. and Willens, R.H., TMS-AIME 227, 362 (1963).Google Scholar
12.Pietrokowsky, P., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 34, 455 (1963).Google Scholar
13.Harbur, D.R. et al. , TMS-AIME 245, 1055 (1969).Google Scholar
14.Cahn, R.W. et al. , Mat. Sci. Eng. 23, 83 (1976).Google Scholar
15.Guntherodt, H.J., Institut for Physik, Universitat Basel, Basel, Switzerland, private communication (1981).Google Scholar
16.Nayar, P.K.K., Trans, Indian Inst. Met. 33, 233 (1980).Google Scholar
17.Ramachandrarao, P. et al. , Z. Metallkde. 63, 43 (1972).Google Scholar
18.Leontic, B. et al. in: Rapidly quenched Metals III, Vol. 1, Cantor, B. ed. (The Metals Society, London, 1978) pp. 41–48.Google Scholar
19.Togano, K. et al. in: Rapidly Quenched Metals IV, to be published.Google Scholar
20.Ohring, M. and Haldipur, A., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 42, 530 (1971).Google Scholar
21.Moss, M. et al. , Appl. Phys. Lett. 5, 120 (1964).Google Scholar
22.Yamauchi, K. and Nakagawa, Y., Jap. J. Appl. Phys. 10, 1730 (1971).Google Scholar
23.Rairden, J.R. and Liebermann, H.H., General Electric Corporate Research and Development, unpublished research (1978).Google Scholar
24.Thursfield, G. and Jones, H., J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum. 4, 675 (1971).10.1088/0022-3735/4/9/011Google Scholar
25.Shingu, P.H., et al. , Trans. JIM 20, 33 (1979).10.2320/matertrans1960.20.33Google Scholar
26.Krishnanand, K.D. and Cahn, R.W. in: Rapidly.Quenched Metals Sect. I, Grant, N.J., Giessen, B.C. eds. (MIT, Cambridge 1976) pp. 67–76.Google Scholar
27.Singer, A.R.E. in: Ref. 9, pp. 154–164.Google Scholar
28.Kim, M.H. and Jones, H. in: Ref. 18, pp. 171–175.10.1002/jrs.1250180305Google Scholar
29.Van Stone, R.H., Rizzo, F.J. and Radavich, J.F. in: Rapid Solidification Processing Principles and Technologies II, Mehrabian, R., Kear, B.H. and Cohen, M., eds. (Claitor's Publishing Division, Baton Rouge 1980) pp. 260–272.Google Scholar
30.Anand, V., Kaufrian, A.J. and Grant, N.J., Ibid. pp. 273–286.Google Scholar
31.Miller, S.A. and Murphy, R.J., Scripta Met., 13, 673 (1979).Google Scholar
32.Yamaguchi, T. and Narita, K., Appl. Phys. Lett. 33, 468 (1978).Google Scholar
33.Miller, S.A. and Murphy, R.J. in: Ref. 29, pp. 385–392.Google Scholar
34.Berkowitz, A.E., Miller, S.A. and Walter, J.L., General Electric Corporate Research and Development, and R.J. Murphy, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, unpublished research (1980).Google Scholar
35.Glickstein, M.R., Patterson, R.J. II and Shockey, N.E. in: Ref. 9, pp. 46–63.Google Scholar
36.Svedberg, T., Nova Acta Reg. Soc., Univ. Upsala, Serv. IV, 2, 14 (1902).Google Scholar
37.Namitov, K.K., Soviet Physics - Techn. Phys. 12, 714 (1967).Google Scholar
38.Bucklow, I.A. and Drain, L.E., J. Sci. Instrum. 41, 614 (1964).Google Scholar
39.Ruppersberg, H. and Bold, H.J., Metall. 26, 34 (1972).Google Scholar
40.Yamaguchi, T. and Narita, K., IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG–13, 1621 (1977).Google Scholar
41.Berkowitz, A.E. and Walter, J.L. in: Ref. 29, pp. 294–305.Google Scholar
42.Berkowitz, A.E., Walter, J.L. and Wall, K.F., Phys. Rev. Lett. 46, 1484 (1981).Google Scholar
43.Walter, J.L. and Berkowitz, A.E., General Electric Corporate Research and Development, unpublished research (1981).Google Scholar
44.Joly, P.A. and Mehrabian, R., J. Mat. Sci. 9, 1446 (1974).Google Scholar
45.Taylor, G.E., Phys. Rev. 23, 655 (1924).Google Scholar
46.Goto, T. and Nagano, M., Trans. JIM 18, 209, 562, 759 (1977);Google Scholar
Goto, T. and Nagano, M., Trans. JIM 19, 60 (1978).10.2320/matertrans1960.19.60Google Scholar
47.Butler, I.G., et al. , Fibre Sci. Tech. 5, 243 (1972).Google Scholar
48.Pond, R.B., U.S. Patent No. 2,976,590 (1961).Google Scholar
49.Schile, R.D., U.S. Patent No. 3,461,943 (1969).Google Scholar
50.Weisner, H. and Schneider, J., Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 26, 71 (1974).Google Scholar
51.Kavesh, S., U.S. Patent No. 3,845,805 (1974).Google Scholar
52.Masumoto, T. et al. , Scripts Met. 15, 293 (1981).Google Scholar
53.Ohnaka, I. et al. in: Ref. 19.Google Scholar
54.Masumoto, T. et al. in: Ref. 19.Google Scholar
55.Hubert, J.C. et al. , Z. Metallkde. 64, 835 (1973).Google Scholar
56.Mobley, C.E. et al. , J. Inst. Met. 100, 142 (1972).Google Scholar
57.Maringer, R.E. and Mobley, C.E., J. Vac. Sci. Tech. 11, 1067 (1974); Ref. 19.Google Scholar
58.Varinger, R.E. et al. in: Ref. 26, pp. 29–36.Google Scholar
59.Strange, E.A. and Pim, C.H., U.S. Patent No. 905,758 (1908).Google Scholar
60.Pond, R.B., U.S. Patent No. 2,825,108 (1958); 2,910,744 (1959).Google Scholar
61.Mobley, C.E., U.S. Patent No. 3,710,842 (1973).Google Scholar
62.Liebermann, H.H. and Graham, C.D. Jr., IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG–12, 921 (1976).Google Scholar
63.Kavesh, S. in: Ref. 5, pp. 36–73.Google Scholar
64.Liebermann, H.H., Mat. Sci. Eng. 43, 203 (1980).Google Scholar
65.Narasimhan, M.C., U.S. Patent No. 4,142,571 (1979).Google Scholar
66.Takayama, S. and Oi, T., J. Appl. Phys. 50, 4962 (1979).Google Scholar
67.Pond, R. Jr. and Maddin, R., TMS-AIME 245, 245 (1969).Google Scholar
68.Polk, D.E., U.S. Patent No. 3,881,542 (1975).Google Scholar
69.Kavesh, S., U.S. Patent No. 3,881,540 (1975).Google Scholar
70.Chen, H.S. and Miller, C.E., Mat. Res. Bull. 11, 49 (1976).Google Scholar
71.Bedell, J.R. et al. , U.S. Patent No. 4,184,532 (1980).Google Scholar
72.Babic, E. et al. , Fizika 2, Suppl. 2, 2.1 (1970);Google Scholar
J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum. 3, 1014 (1970).Google Scholar
73.Chen, H.S. and Miller, C.E., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 41, 1237 (1970).Google Scholar
74.Suzuki, T. et al. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 51, 550 (1980).Google Scholar
75.Uedaira, S. and Ito, S., U.S. Patent No. 4,212,344 (1980).Google Scholar
76.Liebermann, H.H., Mat. Sci. Eng. 42, 185 (1981).Google Scholar
77.Bedell, J.R. et al. , U.S. Patent No. 4,077,462 (1978).Google Scholar
78.Strutt, P.R., Kurup, M. and Gilbert, D.A. in: Ref. 29, pp. 225–236.Google Scholar
79.Lipscombe, K., Steen, W.M., and West, D.R.F., Ibid. pp. 189–194.Google Scholar
80.Kadalbal, R., Montoya-Cruz, J., and Kattamis, T.Z., Ibid. pp. 195–205.Google Scholar
81.Walters, C.T., Clauer, A.H. and Fairand, B.P., Ibid. pp. 241–245.Google Scholar
82.Leamy, H.J. and Cellar, G.K., Ibid. pp. 465–475.Google Scholar
83.Breinan, E.M., Kear, B.H. and Banas, C.M., Physics Today, p. 44, Nov. 1976.Google Scholar
84.Copley, S.M., Bass, M., VanStryland, E.W., Beck, D.G. and Esqueval, O. in: Ref. 18, pp. 147–150.Google Scholar
85.Breinan, E.M., Snow, D.B., Brown, C.O. and Kear, B.H. in: Ref. 29, pp. 440–452.Google Scholar
86.Ayers, J.D., Tucker, T.R. and Schaefer, R.J. in: Ref. 29, pp. 212–220.Google Scholar
87.Wehner, G.K. and Anderson, G.S. in: Handbook of Thin Film Technology (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1970) Ch. 3.Google Scholar
88.Chien, C.L. and Unruh, K.M., Phys. Rev. B 24, 1556 (1981).Google Scholar
89.Walter, J.L., Livingston, J.D. and Davis, A.M., Mat. Sci. Eng. 49, 47 (1981).Google Scholar
90.Walter, J.L., J. of Non-Crystalline Solids 44, 195 (1981).Google Scholar
91.Robertson, S.R., Gorsuch, T.J., and Adler, R.P.I. in: Ref. 9, pp. 188–207.Google Scholar
92.Anthony, T.R. and Cline, H.E., J. Appl. Phys. 50, 239 (1979).Google Scholar
93.Miyazawa, K. and Szekely, J., Met. Trans. B. 10B, 349 (1979).Google Scholar
94.Bueckner, H. and Horvay, G., Trans. ASME, J. Heat Transfer 85, 246 (1963).Google Scholar
95.Kuiken, H.K., Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 20, 309 (1977).Google Scholar
96.Cline, T.W. and Garcia, A., J. Mat. Sci. 16, 1643 (1981).Google Scholar
97.den Decker, P. and Drevers, A. in: Metallic Glasses: Science and Technology vol. 1 (Budapest, Hungary 1979).Google Scholar
98.Katgerman, L. and van der Brink, P.J. in: Ref. 19.Google Scholar
99.Shingu, P.H., Kobayashi, K., Suzuki, R., and Takeshita, T., Ibid.Google Scholar
100.Vincent, J.H., Davies, H.A. and Herbertson, J.G. in: Proc. Symp. on Continuous Casting of Small Sections (Pittsburgh 1980) to be published.Google Scholar
101.Vincent, J.H., Herbertson, J.G. and Davies, H.A. in Ref. 19.Google Scholar
102.Stokes, V.K., General Electric Corporate Research and Development, unpublished research (1980).Google Scholar