Hostname: page-component-7b7567c8c-2n9c9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-11-14T11:58:54.723Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Characterization of Electroactive Cs Ion-Exchange Materialsusing XAS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 September 2012

N. J. Hess,
J. H. Sukamto,
S. D. Rassat,
R. T. Hallen,
R. J. Orth,
M. A. Lilga and
W. E. Lawrence
N. J. Hess
Affiliation:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA 99352
J. H. Sukamto
Affiliation:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA 99352
S. D. Rassat
Affiliation:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA 99352
R. T. Hallen
Affiliation:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA 99352
R. J. Orth
Affiliation:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA 99352
M. A. Lilga
Affiliation:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA 99352
W. E. Lawrence
Affiliation:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA 99352
Get access

Abstract

Various ion exchange materials have been proposed for the removal of Cs fromhigh level waste streams produced during the reprocessing of fuel rods. Cscan be released from loaded traditional exchange resins by elution and thenthe resin can be reused. However large quantities of secondary wastes aregenerated. Another class of “single use” exchangers is directly incorporatedin the loaded state into a solid waste form (e.g. borosilicate glass logs).A third alternative is electroactive ion-exchange materials, where theuptake and elution of Cs are controlled by an applied potential. Thisapproach has several advantages over traditional reusable ion-exchangeresins including much reduced secondary waste, higher Cs selectivity, andhigher durability.

XAS experiments were conducted at the Fe K-edge and Cs Lm-edge ona series of electrochemically produced nickel ferrocyanide films todetermine the effects of deposition conditions and subsequent alkaliexchange on structural and chemical aspects of the films. The depositionconditions include methods described in the literature and PNNL proprietaryprocedures. Although the performance and the durability of the films do varywith processing conditions, Fe K-edge EXAFS results indicate that alldeposition conditions result in the. formation of the cubic phase. Initialresults from Cs Lm-edge EXAFS analysis suggest that the Cs ion ispresent as a hydrated species.

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

REFERENCES

1. Bocarsly, A.B. and Sinha, S., J. Electroanal. Chem. 137, p. 157 (1982).Google Scholar
2. Bocarsly, A.B. and Sinha, S., J. Electroanal. Chem. 140, p. 167 (1982).10.1016/0368-1874(82)85310-0Google Scholar
3. Sinha, S., Humphrey, B.D., and Bocarsly, A.B., Inorg. Chem. 23, p. 203 (1984).10.1021/ic00170a018Google Scholar
4. Humphrey, B.D., Sinha, S., and Bocarsly, A.B., J. Phys. Chem. 88, p. 736 (1984).Google Scholar
5. Humphrey, B.D., Sinha, S., and Bocarsly, A.B., J. Phys. Chem. 91, p. 586 (1987).10.1021/j100287a020Google Scholar
6. Loos-Neskovis, C. and Fedoroff, M., Solvent Extraction and Exchange 7, p. 131 (1989).10.1080/07360298908962302Google Scholar
7. Loos-Neskovis, C. and Fedoroff, M., Reactive Polymers 7, p. 173 (1988).Google Scholar
8. Jones, C.P., Newville, M.D., and Turner, A.D., “Electrochemical Ion Exchange” in Electrochemistry for a Cleaner Environment, eds. Genders, D. and Weinberg, N., The Electrosynthesis Company Inc, East Amherst, New York, 207 p. 1992.Google Scholar
9. Luangdilok, C.H., Arent, D.J., and Bocarsly, A.B., Langmuir 8, p. 650 (1992).10.1021/la00038a058Google Scholar
10. Schneemeyer, L.F., Spengler, S.E., and Murphy, D.W., Inorg. Chem. 24, p. 3044 (1985).10.1021/ic00213a034Google Scholar
11. Gravereau, P.P., Gamier, E., and Hardy, A., Acta Cryst. B35, p. 2843 (1979).Google Scholar
12. McMaster, W.H., Kerr del Grande, N., Mallett, J.H., and Hubbell, J.H., Calculation ofX-Rav Cross Sections, Univ of Calif, Livermore, 1969, 350p.Google Scholar
13. Rehr, J.J., Zabinsky, S.I., and Albers, R.C., Phys. Rev. Let. 69, p. 3397 (1992).Google Scholar
14. Zabinsky, , Rehr, J.J., Ankudinov, A., Albers, R.C., and Eller, M.J., Phys. Rev. B. 52, p. 2995 (1995).10.1103/PhysRevB.52.2995Google Scholar