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Energy Transfer Dynamics and Impact Sensitivity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2011

Laurence E. Fried and
Anthony J. Ruggiero
Laurence E. Fried
Affiliation:
L-277, Chemistry and Materials Science Division Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA 94550
Anthony J. Ruggiero
Affiliation:
L-277, Chemistry and Materials Science Division Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA 94550
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Abstract

In this paper we focus on the relation between impact sensitivity and energy transfer rates. When a crystal receives an impact, low frequency lattice vibrations (called phonons) are excited. Typical phonon frequencies are 0-200 cm-1. This energy must then be converted to vibron frequencies (1000–2000 cm-1) before bond breaking can occur. We derive a simple formula for the energy transfer rate in terms of the density of vibrational states and the vibron-phonon coupling. We are able to estimate the phonon upconversion rate in widely varying energetic materials such as TATB, HMX, and Pb styphnate by examining existing inelastic neutron scattering data. We find that the estimated energy transfer rates in pure unreacted material are strongly correlated with impact sensitivity.

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