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Engineered Bone-Inspired Multicomponent Bionanocomposite Scaffolds with Tunable Hardness and Modulus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2012

Matthew Labriola,
Constance Slaboch,
Timothy C. Ovaert,
Tao Wang,
George Csaba,
Ilker S. Bayer,
Enkeleda Dervishi,
Alexandru S. Biris,
Anindya Ghosh and
Rajeev Gupta
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Matthew Labriola
Affiliation:
Center for Nano Science and Technology (NDnano), Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, U.S.A.
Constance Slaboch
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
Timothy C. Ovaert
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
Tao Wang
Affiliation:
Center for Nano Science and Technology (NDnano), Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, U.S.A.
George Csaba
Affiliation:
Center for Nano Science and Technology (NDnano), Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, U.S.A.
Ilker S. Bayer
Affiliation:
Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Smart Materials Platform, Italian Institute of Technology, Lecce 73010, Italy.
Enkeleda Dervishi
Affiliation:
Nanotechnology Center, Applied Science Department, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, AR 72204, U.S.A.
Alexandru S. Biris
Affiliation:
Nanotechnology Center, Applied Science Department, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, AR 72204, U.S.A.
Anindya Ghosh
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, AR 72204, USA.
Rajeev Gupta
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun-248007, India.
Abhijit Biswas*
Affiliation:
Center for Nano Science and Technology (NDnano), Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, U.S.A.
*
*Corresponding Author: abiswas@nd.edu
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Abstract

We show a novel, bioengineered, moldable platform for bone regeneration composed of porous bionanocomposite scaffolds made of components that are normally found in bone tissue (calcium, collagen, carbonate, sodium, and phosphorous). To accommodate high- or low-stress environments, the hardness and modulus (stiffness) of these scaffolds can be tuned in a wide range in Megapascal (MPa) to Gigapascal (GPa) regions, while maintaining the required viscoelasticity. Our approach to control the mechanical properties is based on a new formulation of mineralized bioscaffolds by incorporation of calcium carbonate in which, calcium and phosphorous are in the form of calcite, calcium polyphosphate (CPP) and hydroxyapatite (HAP). The variation in the calcium carbonate concentration allows tuning of calcite/CPP contents in the bioscaffold to tailor the degree of mineralization and mechanical and viscoelastic properties that closely match those of natural bone. Our results demonstrate an ideal framework for new bone scaffold designs for advanced bone substitute applications.

Keywords

biomimetic (assembly)biomaterialbiomedical

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Footnotes

†

Nanotechnology Undergraduate Research Fellow (NURF)

References

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