Hostname: page-component-7b7567c8c-fvjsw Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-11-14T19:59:39.503Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Iodine-Rich Biocidal Reactive Materials

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 January 2013

Curtis E. Johnson and
Kelvin T. Higa
Curtis E. Johnson
Affiliation:
NAVAIR, Research Division, 1900 N Knox Rd, Stop 6303, China Lake, CA 93555, U.S.A.
Kelvin T. Higa
Affiliation:
NAVAIR, Research Division, 1900 N Knox Rd, Stop 6303, China Lake, CA 93555, U.S.A.
Get access

Abstract

The objectives of this work are to prepare and characterize iodine-rich thermites and reactive materials for potential application in bio-agent defeat. Iodine-rich compositions were prepared using metal iodate oxidizers in combination with aluminum fuel. Higher iodine contents were achieved using iodine-rich additives, tetraiodoethylene and tin tetraiodide. Reactivity during rapid combustion was evaluated for both nanoscale and micron-scale materials. The nanoscale materials were evaluated directly using a spark-initiated pan dent test. The micron-scale materials were mixed with 50% of nano Al/MoO3 and also evaluated with the pan dent test. The results for the mixed material were shown to fit well to a linear combination of the expected dent for each component, based on a rapid reaction. Results of the pan dent test were used to down-select micron thermites for further testing. Bismuth iodate was synthesized by precipitation from nitric acid solutions. The average particle size was controlled by the addition rate, and sizes included 95 nm (amorphous structure), and 330 nm and 3 micron (both crystalline). Additional sizes were produced by ball milling the 3 micron material, giving 1 micron and 350 nm sizes. Fluoropolymers were included in some compositions to provide additional biocidal products, namely HF, that could be produced from reaction of AlF3 product with water.

Keywords

energetic materialInanoscale

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

REFERENCES

Grinshpun, S. A., Adhikari, A., Yermakov, M., Reponen, L., Reponen, T., Dreizin, E., Schoenitz, M., Zhang, S., and Hoffmann, V., presention at American Association for Aerosol Research 29th Annual Conference, October 25–29, 2010 (abstract available at http://aaarabstracts.com/2010/viewabstract.php?paper=309).Google Scholar
Clark, B. R. and Pantoya, M. L., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2010 (Advance Article available August 23rd at http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2010/CP/C0CP00473A).Google Scholar
Gershenfeld, L. and Witlin, B., J. Am. Pharm. Assoc., 41(8), 451–452, 1952.10.1002/jps.3030410814CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Russell, A. D., 169–231, Academic Press, New York, 1982.Google Scholar
Russell, A. D., Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 3(2), 99–119, 1990 (available at http://cmr.asm.org/cgi/reprint/3/2/99.pdf).10.1128/CMR.3.2.99CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sullivan, K. T., Piekiel, N. W., Chowdhury, S., Wu, C., Zachariah, M. R., and Johnson, C. E., Combustion Science and Technology, 183(3), 285–302 (2011).10.1080/00102202.2010.496378CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, C. E., Higa, K. T., and Albro, W. R., in Proceedings of the 35th International Pyrotechnics Seminar (2008).Google Scholar
Higa, K. T., U.S. Patent 8 231 748 (31 July 2012).Google Scholar
Some thermodynamic data was obtained from http://www.crct.polymtl.ca/reacweb.htm. Neither the author nor the Materials Research Society warrants or assumes liability for the content or availability of URLs referenced in this paper. Google Scholar
Johnson, C. E., Higa, K. T., Albro, W. R., and Harvey, B. G., in Proc. 43rd JANNAF Combustion Subcommittee Meeting, La Jolla, CA, JSC CD-60 (CD ROM) (December 2009).Google Scholar