Hostname: page-component-7b7567c8c-2rsb6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-11-13T01:22:06.259Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Waste Glass Alteration Processes, Surface Layer Evolution and Rate Limiting Steps

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 February 2011

D. E. Clark,
R. L. Schulz,
G. G. Wicks and
A. R. Loading
D. E. Clark
Affiliation:
University of Florida, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Gainesville, FL 32611
R. L. Schulz
Affiliation:
University of Florida, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Gainesville, FL 32611
G. G. Wicks
Affiliation:
Westinghouse Savannah River Technology Center, Aiken, SC 29802
A. R. Loading
Affiliation:
Chalmers University of Technology, Physics Department, Gothenburg, Sweden 41296
Get access

Abstract

This paper provides an overview of waste glass alteration. Emphasis is on the evolution of surface layers and factors affecting the alteration rate when glass is subjected to an aqueous environment. The extent, type and rate of alteration is determined by a variety of parameters including time, temperature, glass composition, pH, Eh, composition of leachate/geology, the presence of other engineered barriers, flow conditions and surface area/volume ratio. Models (based on kinetic and thermodynamic considerations) developed by other researchers that are consistent with the experimental observations from the laboratory and field experiments are discussed. The morphology of the surface layers as described by interpretation of secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) analyses on waste glasses and the role the various layers play in the alteration process is presented as well.

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

REFERENCES

1 Clark, D.E. and Zoitos, B.K., in Corrosion of Glass, Ceramics and Ceramic Superconductors, edited by Clark, D.E. and Zoitos, B.K. (Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 1992) pp. 51–97; A. Lodding, ibid., pp. 103–120; B. Grambow, ibid., pp. 124–148; C.M. Jantzen, ibid., pp. 153–216; G.G. Wicks, ibid., pp. 218–260; P.B. Vandiver, ibid., pp. 303–427.Google Scholar
2 Hench, L.L. and Clark, D.E., Surface Properties and Performance Prediction of Alternative Waste Forms, U.S. NRC report, (1981).Google Scholar
3 Mendel, J.E., Final Report of the Defense High-Level Waste Leaching Mechanisms Program, PNL-5157, Batelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Richland, WA (1984).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4 Clark, D.E., Pantano, C.G. Jr. and Hench, L.L., Corrosion of Glass, (Magazines for Industry, New York, 1979) p. 48.Google Scholar
5 Abrajano, T.A., Bates, J.K. and Bradley, J.P. in Ceramic Transactions, Vol. 9, Nuclear Waste Management III, edited by Mellinger, G.B. (American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH 1990) pp. 211–228.; A.R. Lodding, E.U. Engström, D.E. Clark and G.G. Wicks, ibid., pp. 317–335.Google Scholar
6 Lodding, A.R., Engström, E.U., Zoitos, B.K., Clark, D.E. and Wicks, G.G., J. Am. Cer. Soc., 75, 2702 (1992).Google Scholar
7 Clark, D.E., Schulz, R.L., Lodding, A.R., Tipton, A.W. and Wicks, G.G., in Situ Testing of Radioactive Waste Forms and Engineered Barriers, edited by McMenamin, T. (Proc. of CEC, SCK/CEN and U.S. DOE workshop, Corsendonk, Belgium, 1992); D.E. Clark, R.L. Schulz, B.K. Zoitos, A.R. Lodding and G.G. Wicks, ibid.,; M.J. Plodinec and G.G. Wicks, ibid; I.O. Werme and A.R.Lodding, ibid (preprint, proceedings to be published).Google Scholar
8 El-Shamy, T.M. and Douglas, R.W., Glass Tech. 13, 77 (1972).Google Scholar
9 El-Shamy, T.M., Lewins, J., and Douglas, R.W., Glass Tech. 13, 81 (1972).Google Scholar
10 Sanders, D.M., Person, W.B. and Hench, L.L., J. Amer. Cer. Soc. 56, 247 (1974).Google Scholar
11 Schulz, R.L., Folz, D.C., Clark, D.E., in Materials Issues in Art and Archaeology III, (Mater. Res. Soc. Proc. 267, Pittsburgh, PA 1993).Google Scholar
12 Wallace, R.M. and Wicks, G.G., in Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management, VI, edited by Brookins, D.G. (Elsevier Science Publishers, NY, 1983) pp. 23–28.Google Scholar
13 Grambow, B. and Strachan, D.M., in Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management, VII, edited by McVay, Gary L. (Elsevier Science Publishers, NY, 1984) pp. 623–634.Google Scholar
14 Grambow, B., Hermansson, H.P., Björner, I.K. and Christensen, H. in, Advances in Ceramics, Vol. 20, Nuclear Waste Management II, (American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH 1986) pp. 465–474.Google Scholar
15 Jantzen, C.M. and Plodinec, M.J., J. Non-Cryst. Solids 67, 207 (1984).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16 Newton, R.G. and Paul, A., Glass Technology 21, 307 (1980).Google Scholar
17 Schulz, R.L., Clark, D.E., Lodding, A.R., Wicks, G.G.. Presented at 1993 American Ceramic Society Annual Meeting, Cincinnati, OH. To be published in symposium proceedings.Google Scholar
18 Clark, D.E., Schulz, R.L., Lodding, A.R. and Wicks, G.G.. Presented at the 1993 American Ceramic Society Annual Meeting, Cincinnati, OH. To be published in symposium proceedings.Google Scholar