Hostname: page-component-74656f9884-j7cmm Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-11-10T05:17:56.008Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Gapping

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2025

Howard Wainer  and
Stephen Schacht
Howard Wainer*
Affiliation:
Bureau of Social Science Research
Stephen Schacht
Affiliation:
The University of Chicago
*
Requests for reprints should be sent to Dr. Howard Wainer, Bureau of Social Science Research, Inc., 1990 M Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Tukey's scheme for finding separations in univariate data strings is described and tested. It is found that one can use the size of a data gap coupled with its ordinal position in the distribution to determine the likelihood of its having arisen by chance. It was also shown that this scheme is relatively robust for fatter-tailed-than-Gaussian distributions and has some interesting implications in multidimensional situations.

Keywords

robustnesspower

Information

Type
Original Paper
Information
Psychometrika , Volume 43 , Issue 2 , June 1978 , pp. 203 - 212
Copyright
Copyright © 1978 The Psychometric Society

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

Footnotes

Our thanks to John W. Tukey who read a preliminary version of the manuscript and made many helpful suggestions.

References

Reference Notes

Tukey, J. W. Personal communication, August, 1977.Google Scholar
Kinderman, A. J., Ramage, J. G., & Monohan, J. F. Computer methods for sampling from students' t distribution, 1975, Pennsylvania: Carnegie-Mellon University, Department of Statistics.Google Scholar

References

Andrews, D. F., Bickel, P. J., Hampel, F. R., Huber, P. J., Rogers, W. H., & Tukey, J. W. Robust estimates of location, 1972, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Bock, R. D., & Kolakowski, D. Further evidence of sex-linked major gene influence on spatial visualizing ability. American Journal of Human Genetics, 1973, 25, 1–14.Google ScholarPubMed
Bock, R. D., & Jones, L. V. The measurement and prediction of judgment and choice, 1968, San Francisco: Holden-Day.Google Scholar
Gulliksen, H. & Gulliksen, D. Attitudes of different groups toward work, aims, goals and activities. Multivariate Behavioral Research Monographs, 1972.Google Scholar
Tukey, J. W. Exploratory data analysis, Limited preliminary edition, Reading Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1971.Google Scholar
Tukey, J. W. & McLaughlin, D. H. Less vulnerable confidence and significance procedures for location based on a single sample: Trimming/Winsorization 1. Sankhya, 1963, A 25,, 331–352.Google Scholar
Wainer, H. Robust Statistics: A survey and some prescriptions. Journal of Educational Statistics, 1976, 1, 285–312.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wainer, H. & Thissen, D. Three steps toward robust regression. Psychometrika, 1976, 41, 9–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar