Hostname: page-component-7b7567c8c-7pwfn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-11-15T20:00:37.121Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A Direct Method to Measure 14CO2 Lost by Evasion from Surface Waters

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2016

M F Billett,
M H Garnett and
S M L Hardie
M F Billett
Affiliation:
Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 OQB, United Kingdom
M H Garnett
Affiliation:
Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Radiocarbon Laboratory, Rankine Avenue, Scottish Enterprise Technology Park, East Kilbride, G75 OQF, United Kingdom
S M L Hardie
Affiliation:
Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Radiocarbon Laboratory, Rankine Avenue, Scottish Enterprise Technology Park, East Kilbride, G75 OQF, United KingdomCentre for Ecology and Hydrology, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, United Kingdom
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the 'Save PDF' action button.

Recent methodological advances in the use of zeolite molecular sieves for measuring the isotopic signature of CO2 have provided the opportunity to make direct measurements of 14CO2 in various field situations. We linked a portable molecular sieve/pump/IRGA system to a floating chamber to demonstrate the potential of the method to quantify the isotopic signature (δ13C and 14C) of CO2 lost by evasion (outgassing) from surface waters. The system, which was tested on a peatland stream in Scotland, involved 1) an initial period of scrubbing ambient CO2 from the chamber, 2) a period of CO2 build-up caused by surface water evasion, and 3) a final period of CO2 collection by the molecular sieve cartridge. The field test at 2 different sites on the same drainage system suggested that the results were reproducible in terms of δ13C and 14C values. These represent the first direct measurements of the isotopic signature of CO2 lost by evasion from water surfaces.

Information

Type
Articles
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 48 , Issue 1 , 2006, pp. 61 - 68
Copyright
Copyright © 2006 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

References

Atekwana, EA, Krishnamurthy, RV. 1998. Seasonal variations of dissolved inorganic carbon and δ13C of surface waters: applications of a modified gas evolution technique. Journal of Hydrology 205:265–78.Google Scholar
Bauer, JE, Williams, PM, Druffel, ERM. 1992. Recovery of submilligram quantities of carbon dioxide from gas streams by molecular-sieve for subsequent determination of isotopic (C-13 and C-14) natural abundances. Analytical Chemistry 64(7):824–7.Google Scholar
Billett, MF, Palmer, SM, Hope, D, Deacon, C, Storeton-West, R, Hargreaves, KJ, Flechard, C, Fowler, D. 2004. Linking land-atmosphere-stream carbon fluxes. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18, GB1024, doi:10.1029/2003GB002058.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bol, RA, Harkness, DD. 1995. The use of zeolite molecular sieves for trapping low concentrations of CO2 from environmental atmospheres. Radiocarbon 37(2):643–7.Google Scholar
Borges, AV, Delille, B, Schiettecatte, LS, Gazeau, F, Abril, A, Frankignoulle, M. 2004. Gas transfer velocities of CO2 in three European estuaries (Randers Fjord, Scheldt and Thames). Limnology and Oceanography 49:1630–41.Google Scholar
Grace, J, Malhi, Y. 2002. Carbon dioxide goes with the flow. Nature 416:594–5.Google Scholar
Hardie, SML, Garnett, MH, Fallick, AE, Rowland, AP, Ostle, NJ. 2005. Carbon dioxide capture using a zeolite molecular sieve sampling system for isotopic studies (13C and 14C) of respiration. Radiocarbon 47(3):441–51.Google Scholar
Hope, D, Palmer, SM, Billett, MF, Dawson, JJC. 2001. Carbon dioxide and methane evasion from a temperate peatland stream. Limnology and Oceanography 46:847–57.Google Scholar
Kling, GW, Kipphut, GW, Miller, MC. 1991. Arctic streams and lakes as gas conduits to the atmosphere: implications for tundra carbon budgets. Science 251:298–301.Google Scholar
Kroopnick, P. 1974. The dissolved O2-CO2- 13C system in the eastern equatorial Pacific. Deep-Sea Research 21:211–7.Google Scholar
Kroopnick, P, Deuser, WG, Craig, H. 1970. Carbon-13 measurements on dissolved inorganic carbon at the North Pacific (1969) GEOSECS station. Journal of Geophysical Research 75:7668–71.Google Scholar
Levin, I, Kromer, B. 2004. The tropospheric 14CO2 level in mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere (1959–2003). Radiocarbon 46(3):1261–72.Google Scholar
Liss, PS, Slater, PG. 1974. Flux of gases across the air-sea interface. Nature 247:181–4.Google Scholar
MacIntyre, S, Wanninkhof, R, Chanton, JP. 1995. Trace gas exchange across the air-water interface in freshwater and coastal marine environments. In: Matson, PA, Harriss, RC, editors. Biogenic Trace Gases: Measuring Emissions From Soil and Water. Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd. p 52–97.Google Scholar
Mayorga, E, Aufdenkampe, AK, Masiello, CA, Krusche, AV, Hedges, JI, Quay, PD, Richey, JE, Brown, TA. 2005. Young organic matter as a source of carbon dioxide outgassing from Amazonian rivers. Nature 436:538–41.Google Scholar
Palmer, SM, Hope, D, Billett, MF, Dawson, JJC, Bryant, CL. 2001. Sources of organic and inorganic carbon in a headwater stream: evidence from carbon isotope studies. Biogeochemistry 52:321–38.Google Scholar
Pawellek, F, Veizer, J. 1994. Carbon cycle in the upper Danube and its tributaries: δ13CDIC constraints. Israel Journal of Earth Sciences 43:187–94.Google Scholar
Quay, PD, Wilbur, DO, Richey, JE, Hedges, JI, Devol, AH. 1992. Carbon cycling in the Amazon River: implications from the 13C compositions of particles and solutes. Limnology and Oceanography 37:857–71.Google Scholar
Raymond, PA, Bauer, JE. 2001a. Riverine export of aged terrestrial organic matter to the North Atlantic Ocean. Nature 409:497–500.Google Scholar
Raymond, PA, Bauer, JE. 2001b. Use of 14C and 13C natural abundances for evaluating riverine, estuarine, and coastal DOC and POC sources and cycling: a review and synthesis. Organic Geochemistry 32:469–85.Google Scholar
Richey, JE, Melack, JM, Aufdenkampe, AK, Ballester, VM, Hess, LL. 2002. Outgassing from Amazonian rivers and wetlands as a large tropical source of atmospheric CO2 . Nature 416:617–20.Google Scholar
Schiff, SL, Aravena, R, Trumbore, SE, Hinton, MJ, Elgood, R, Dillon, PJ. 1997. Export of DOC from forested catchments on the Precambrian Shield of central Ontario: clues from 13C and 14C. Biogeochemistry 36:43–65.Google Scholar
Stuiver, M, Polach, HA. 1977. Discussion: reporting of 14C data. Radiocarbon 19(3):355–63.Google Scholar
Taylor, CD, Ljungdahl, PO, Molongoski, . 1981. Technique for simultaneous determination of (35S) sulfide and (14C) carbon dioxide in anaerobic aqueous samples. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 41:822–5.Google Scholar
Wetzel, RG. 1983. Limnology. 2nd edition. New York: Saunders College Publishing. 860 p.Google Scholar
Xu, S, Anderson, R, Bryant, C, Cook, GTT, Dougans, A, Freeman, S, Naysmith, P, Schnabel, C, Scott, EM. 2004. Capabilities of the new SUERC 5MV AMS facility for 14C dating. Radiocarbon 46(1):59–64.Google Scholar
Yang, C, Telmer, K, Veizer, J. 1996. Chemical dynamics of the “St Lawrence” riverine system: δDH20, δ18OH20, δ13CDIC, δ34Ssulfate, and dissolved 87Sr/86Sr. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 60:851–66.Google Scholar