¹ For a description of the Beauvais codex see Omont, H., ‘Épitaphes métriques en l'honneur de différents personnages du xi^e siècle composées par Fulcoie de Beauvais, archidiacre de Meaux,’ Mélanges Julien Havet (Paris 1895) 214–218, and Sister Mary Isaac Jogues Rousseau, S.S.N.D., Fulcoii Beluacensis Vtriusque de nuptiis Christi et ecclesiae libri septem (diss. of The Catholic University of America, Studies in Medieval and Renaissance Latin Language and Literature 22; Washington, D.C. 1960) 56–64 and Pl. 1 (fol. 2^r).Google Scholar

² The Hildebertian pieces, according to Omont, Mélanges Havet, J. 216, are to be found in PL 171.1430, 1446, 1192–1194, 1396–1397, 1418–1420 (in the edition of Bourassé, based on that of Beaugendre, A. [Paris 1708]), and there is some evidence (Rousseau, Fulcoii Vtriusque libri septem 6 n. 28) that the Beauvais manuscript was used.Google Scholar

³ Rousseau, , Fulcoii Vtriusque libri septem 39–40.Google Scholar

⁴ Lecomte, Maurice, Fulcoie de Beauvais , archidiacre de Meaux (XI^e siècle) (Provins 1897) 2–3.Google Scholar

⁵ Colker, Marvin L., ‘Fulcoii Beluacensis Epistulae,’ Traditio 10 (1954) 196–197.Google Scholar

⁶ Rousseau, Fulcoii Vtriusque libri septem (cf. note 1 supra).Google Scholar

⁷ Colker, Traditio 10.191–273.Google Scholar

⁸ Omont, Mélanges Havet, J. 211–235.Google Scholar

⁹ Bollandiani, Hagiographi, ‘Vita sancti Mauri auctore Fulcoio,’ Catalogus codicum hagiographicorum latinorum antiquiorum saeculo XVI qui asseruantur in Bibliotheca Nationali Parisiensi I (Subsidia hagiographica 2.1; Brussels 1889) 240–264.Google Scholar

¹⁰ Poncelet, A., ‘Vita sancti Blandini saeculi VII anachoretae Brigensis auctore Fulcoio Bellovacensi subdiacono Meldensi,’ Analecta Bollandiana 7 (1888) 151–163.Google Scholar

¹¹ Boutemy, A., ‘Essai de chronologie des poésies de Fulcoie de Beauvais,’ Annuaire de l'Institut de philologie et d'histoire Orientales de P Université Libre de Bruxelles 11 (Mélanges Henri Grégoire 3; Brussels 1951) 83–84.Google Scholar

¹² Cf. Rousseau, Fulcoii Vtriusque libri septem v, 21, 36.Google Scholar

¹³ Mabillon, Jean, Acta sanctorum ordinis sancti Benedicti 2 (Paris 1733) 572.Google Scholar

¹⁴ Suchier, H., ‘Chlothars des II. Sachsenkrieg und die Anfänge des französischen Volksepos,’ Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 18 (1894) 175–194.Google Scholar

¹⁵ Krusch, B., ‘Vita Faronis episcopi Meldensis,’ MGH, SS. rer. Merov. 5 (1910) 171–206.Google Scholar

¹⁶ Sister Isaac Jogues informed me of her interest in undertaking this project in a letter of 19 November 1960.Google Scholar

¹⁷ The poems of Odo are mentioned in Omont, Mélanges Havet, J. 216, in Colker, Traditio 10.206, and in Rousseau, Fulcoii Vtriusque libri septem 20 n. 62, 33 n. 115. Hans Walther, Initia carminum ac versuum medii aevi posterioris Latinorum (Carmina medii aevi posterioris Latina 1; Göttingen 1959), cites for Odo's five poems only the Beauvais codex and no printed editions: cf. Walther nos. 19758, 13505, 15007, 1501, 20568.Google Scholar

¹⁸ See Rousseau, , Fulcoii Vtriusque libri septem 1, 1 n. 3, 4, 4 n. 22.Google Scholar

¹⁹ Cf. ibid. 58: ‘Up to the Revolution, Beauvais Chapter ownership can be traced satisfactorily through existing catalogues.’ And cf. esp. ibid. 57: ‘From the thirteenth century at least, the manuscript belonged to the ancient Chapter library of the Cathedral Church of Peter, St., Beauvais.’ See the evidence for the statements ibid. 57–60.Google Scholar

²⁰ This epitaph alone forbids identifying our author with the Odo of Beauvais to whom Ratramnus of Corbie addressed his Liber de anima (ed. Lambot, C., O.S.B., Analecta medievalia Namurcensia 2; Namur-Lille 1951), for Ratramnus lived in the middle of the ninth century.Google Scholar

²¹ Such was the case of Guibert of Nogent, De vita sua 1.17 (ed. Bourgin, Georges in Collection de textes pour servir à l’étude et à l'enseignement de l'histoire [Paris 1907] 64), of Marbod, Liber decem capitulorum 1.1–4 (ed. Bulst, Walther in Heidelberger Ausgaben zur Geistes- und Kulturgeschichte des Abendlandes 8 [Heidelberg 1947] 5), and of Fulcoius, Epistulae 26.1–6 (ed. Colker, , Traditio 10.267) and De nuptiis 1.60–62 (ed. Rousseau, , Fulcoii Vtriusque libri septem 5∗), as well as of Peter of Blois, Epist. 76 (PL 207.234C).Google Scholar

²² The codex has been described by Abbott, T. K. in his Catalogue of the Manuscriptsu in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin (Dublin and London 1900) 25 and by Heinrich Schenkl in his Bibliotheca patrum Latinorum Britannica no. 3307 (Sb. Akad. Vienna 143 [1901] Heft 8, p. 50). Abbott wrongly assigns the codex to the 14th century and mentions only the ownership of St. Peter's and of Cranmer, and Schenkl errs in reporting the presence of ‘epistolae … Bernardi.’Google Scholar

²³ Ivo: PL 151.325–327, 162.11–288; Hildebert: PL 171.135–312.Google Scholar

²⁴ Poems by Hildebert and his school have been published in PL 171.1177–1458. Important articles bearing on the text and authenticity of the Hildebertian poems are: Haur, B.éau, Notices et extraits des manuscrits 28.2 (1887) 289–448; Hammond, Mason, ‘Notes on Some Poems of Hildebert in a Harvard Manuscript,’ Speculum 7 (1932) 530–539; Wilmart, A., ‘Le florilège de Saint-Gatien,’ Revue bénédictine 48 (1936) 1–40, 147–181; Boutemy, A., ‘Le recueil poétique du ms. latin 5129 de la Bibliothèque nationale de Paris,’ Scriptorium 2 (1948) 47–55.Google Scholar

²⁵ For this and other manuscripts as deriving from St. Peter's, Gloucester, see Ker, N. R., Medieval Libraries of Great Britain: A List of Surviving Books (London 1941) 50.Google Scholar

²⁶ Cf. Sears Jayne and Johnson, F. R., The Lumley Library (London 1956) 80, 304. See also O'Sullivan, William, ‘Ussher as a Collector of Manuscripts,’ Hermathena 88 (1956) 38.Google Scholar

²⁷ Abbott, , Catalogue (cit. n. 22) iii.Google Scholar

²⁸ Ussher, James, De symbolis p. 19 (in Annales Veteris et Novi Testamenti [Geneva 1722]). On Young as librarian of the Royal Library, see Warner, G. F. and Gilson, J. P., Catalogue of Western Manuscripts in the Old Royal and King's Collections I (London 1921) xix and Jayne and Johnson, Lumley Library 18–20.Google Scholar

²⁹ Walther, , Initia (cit. n. 17) no. 16915.Google Scholar

³⁰ Ibid., no. 1511.Google Scholar

³¹ Walther, , ibid ., notes only the first of the two epitaphs on Manasses (no. 9429) and that on the Caithness bishop (no. 8367b). No edition or second manuscript is mentioned for either poem.Google Scholar

³² ‘1. Octava. Aeterna requies’ (Du Cange, Glossarium).Google Scholar

³³ The line was left incomplete in the manuscript; ‘quantum’ suggests itself as a likely supplement.Google Scholar

³⁴ Chevalier, Répertoire …: Bio-bibliogr. 2.2980. On the different Manasses who were bishops or archbishops of French sees, see Christiana, Gallia 1.548–550; 4.587–591; 7.92, 196; 9.70–75, 77–80; 12.494.Google Scholar

³⁵ abba: cf. Marc. 14.36, Rom. 8.15, Gal. 4.6; also ‘pater’ as used of a bishop by Odo Sacerdos, supra, part I (2.9).Google Scholar

³⁶ Schenkl, loc. cit. (cf. note 22 supra), refers to a discussion on Bishop Adam of Caithness in ‘Hardy III p. 12.’ Hardy, T. D., however, discusses this Adam in Descriptive Catalogue of Materials Relating to the History of Great Britain and Ireland to the Reign of Henry VII 3 (SS. rer. Britann. 26.3 [1871]) 63.Google Scholar

³⁷ Angerius is not mentioned in The Chronicle of Melrose from the Cottonian Manuscript Faustina B IX in the British Museum, ed. Anderson, A. O., Anderson, M. O., and Dickinson, W. C. (London 1936); Chronicle of Holyrood, ed. Anderson, M. O. and Anderson, A. O. (Scottish Historical Society³ 30 [1938]); Ioannes de Fordun, Chronica gentis Scotorum, Annales, ed. Skene, W. F. (Edinburgh 1871); Anderson, A. O., Early Sources of Scottish History A.D. 500 to 1286 (Edinburgh 1922); Dickinson, W. C. et al., A Source Book of Scottish History I (London 1952).Google Scholar

³⁸ Angerius is not mentioned in Robert Keith, An Historical Catalogue of the Scottish Bishops Down to the Year 1688 (Edinburgh 1824); Gordon, J. F. S., Scotichronicon Comprising Bishop Keith's Catalogue of Scottish Bishops Enlarged (Glasgow 1867); James Rankin, A Handbook of the Church of Scotland (Edinburgh and London 1888); John Dowden, The Bishops of Scotland, Being Notes on the Lives of All the Bishops under Each of the Sees Prior to the Reformation, ed. Thomson, J. M. (Glasgow 1912); Macewen, A. R., A History of the Church in Scotland (London 1913); Anthony Mitchell, Biographical Studies in in Scottish Church History (Milwaukee 1914); Morgen, M., ‘The Organisation of the Scottish Church in the Twelfth Century,’ Transactions of the Royal Historical Society ⁴ 29 (1947) 135–149; Duke, J. A., History of the Church of Scotland to the Reformation (Edinburgh and London 1937).Google Scholar

³⁹ Angerius is not mentioned in Calder, J. T., Sketch of the Civil and Traditional History of Caithness from the Tenth Century (Glasgow 1861); Beaton, D., Ecclesiastical History of Caithness and Annals of Caithness Parishes (Wick 1909); Bentinck, C. D., ‘The Bishops and Clergy of the Ancient Diocese of Caithness,’ Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness 28 (1912–1914) 237–269. This article was wrongly assigned to volume 27 (1918) by John Mowat in his New Bibliography of the County of Caithness (Wick 1940) 135. Mowat's work has otherwise been of great service, especially in its list of periodical literature on the church of Caithness (pp. 134–136); Angus Mackay, The History of the Province of Cat (Caithness and Sutherland) from the Earliest Times to the Year 1615 (Wick 1914).Google Scholar

⁴⁰ Angerius is not recorded in Gams, P. B., Series episcoporum (Ratisbon 1873).Google Scholar

⁴¹ On Bishops Andrew, John, and Adam and their dates see: The Chronicle of Melrose (ed. Anderson, A. O. et al.) 45, 58, 75 (= Rer. Anglic. SS. Veterum 1 [Oxford 1684] 176, 186, 199); Chronicon de Lanercost, ed. Stevenson, Joseph (Maitland Club Publications 46; Edinburgh 1839) 29–30; Ioannes de Fordun, Annales (ed. Skene, ) 276, 289; Dowden, Bishops of Scotland 232–234; Bentinck, Transactions of the Gaelic Soc. of Inverness 28.238–241; Anderson, Sources of Scottish History II 182, 308, 350, 355 n. 1, 356 n., 394, 435 n. 4, 449–452; Beaton, Ecclesiastical History of Caithness 89–96.Google Scholar

⁴² Keith, , Historical Catalogue of the Scottish Bishops 205; Beaton, Ecclesiastical History of Caithness 89; Dowden, Bishops of Scotland 232; Bentinck, Transactions of the Gaelic Soc. of Inverness 28.237; Dickinson et al., Source Book of Scottish History I 42.Google Scholar

⁴³ Cf. Ps. 118.143: ‘Tribulatio et angustia inuenerunt me.’Google Scholar

⁴⁴ Ps. 114.3: ‘Tribulationem et dolorem inueni.’Google Scholar

⁴⁵ Cf. Ps. 54.17: ‘ad Deum clamaui’; Ion. 1.5: ‘clamauerunt ad Deum.’Google Scholar

⁴⁶ Cf. Matth. 8.25: ‘Salua nos. Perimus.’Google Scholar

⁴⁷ Cf. 2 Tim. 3.1: ‘In nouissimis diebus instabunt tempora periculosa.’Google Scholar

⁴⁸ On ‘inualuit’ cf. 2 Par. 17.1, Osee 12.4, Act. 19.16.Google Scholar

⁴⁹ Cf. Gen. 6.5: ‘quod multa malitia hominum esset in terra.’ Gen. 8.8, 2 Reg. 14.33, Iob 5.10, and elsewhere in the Bible: ‘super faciem terrae.’Google Scholar

⁵⁰ Cf. Ierem. 30.7: ‘Tempusque tribulationis est Iacob.’Google Scholar

⁵¹ Cf. Matth. 24.21: ‘Erit enim tunc tribulatio magna qualis non fuit ab initio mundi usque modo.’ And cf. Marc. 13.19: ‘Erunt enim dies illi tribulationes tales quales non fuerunt ab initio creaturae … usque nunc.’ ⁵² imperalium MS. Google Scholar

⁵³ occurratis pro uiribus (order corr. by the original hand) MS. Google Scholar

⁵⁴ The Vigil of St. Peter's Chains is on July 31.Google Scholar

⁵⁵ Cf. 1 Reg. 10.19: ‘Saluauit uos de uniuersis malis et tribulationibus’; Ps. 106.39 ‘a tribulatione malorum et dolore.’Google Scholar

⁵⁶ Cf. Isai. 11.2: ‘spiritus consilii et fortitudinis.’Google Scholar

⁵⁷ Cf. 1 Tim. 2.5: ‘mediator Dei et hominum, homo Christus Iesus.’Google Scholar

⁵⁸ caractare MS. Google Scholar

⁵⁹ gratia MS. Google Scholar

⁶⁰ Cf. Ioh. 14.18: ‘Non relinquam uos orphanos.’ And cf. Matth. 28.20: ‘Ecce ego — saeculi.’Google Scholar

⁶¹ Cf. Eccli. 50.6: ‘quasi stella — nebulae.’Google Scholar

⁶² Cf. Matth. 8.26: ‘surgens imperauit — tranquillitas.’Google Scholar

⁶³ Cf. Ps. 67.7 (Psalterium Romanum): ‘Deus qui habitare facit unanimes in domo’ and the Introit in the Roman Missal for the 11th Sunday after Pentecost.Google Scholar

⁶⁴ Cf. Exod. 34.26, Deut. 23.18, 4 Reg. 11.4, and elsewhere in the Bible: ‘in domo Domini.’Google Scholar

⁶⁵ hinc inde: hiccinde MS. Google Scholar

⁶⁶ Ed. Weiland, L. in MGH Leges, sectio 4: Constitutiones et acta publica imperatorum et regum 1 (1893) 290.Google Scholar

⁶⁷ Ibid. Google Scholar

⁶⁸ André Wilmart, Codices Reginenses Latini 1 (Vatican City 1927) 429: ‘corpus … compositum … saec. XIII in. vel fortasse paulo prius’ (on pp. 419–430 a full description of the manuscript).Google Scholar

⁶⁹ Abbott, loc. cit. (supra n. 22).Google Scholar

⁷⁰ On Henry of France, see Gallia Christiana 9 (1751) 88–94; Histoire littéraire de le France 13 (1814) 541–553; PL 182.680, 189.399–400, 196.1559–1566; H. Géraud, ‘Les routiera au douzième siècle,’ Bibliothèque des l'École de chartes 3 (1841–1842) 127–129; Fabriciuss, J.A. Bibliotheca latina mediae et infimae aetatis III (1858) 211; Hermann Reuter, Geschichte Alexanders des Dritten und der Kirche seiner Zeit I (Leipzig 1860) 163–164, 168, 227; II (Leipzig 1860) 98–99, 102; III (Leipzig 1864) 406; Ulysse Chevalier, Répertoire … Bio-, bibliogr. 1 (Paris 1905) 2081; Hugo Reichel, Die Ereignisse an der Saone im August und September des Jahres 1162: Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Kirchenspaltung unter Friedrich I (diss., Halle a. S. 1908) 61; Wilhelm von Giesebrecht, Geschichte der deutschen Kaiserzeit, ed. Schild, Wilhelm (Meersburg 1930) V 197–198, 219, 273–274, 276–278, 350, 384–408, 544, 553, 598–599, 618; Martin Preiss, Die politische Tätigkeit und Stellung der Cisterzienser im Schisma von 1159–1177 (Historische Studien 248; Berlin 1934) 28, 28 n. 10, 38, 41, 44, 48, 49, 51; Jean-Berthold Mahn, L'Ordre cistercien et son gouvernement des origines au milieu du XIII^e siècle 1098–1265 (2nd ed., Paris 1951) 142–147, 163; Marcel Pacaut, Alexandre III: Etude sur la conception du pouvoir pontifical dans sa pensée et dans son oeuvre (L’Église et l'état au moyen âge 11; Paris 1956) 59 n., 76, 116, 130, 140–142, 147, 166, 174, 198, 260 n. 3, 281 n. 1.Google Scholar

⁷¹ See Pacaut, , Alexandre III 59 n.Google Scholar

⁷² Mart, E.ène and Durand, U., Veterum scriptorum et monumentorum amplissima collectio 2 (1724) 624–1011.Google Scholar

⁷³ Recueil des historiens des Gaules et de la France 16 (1814) 171–200. A small number of pieces in the correspondence of Henry of France are reprinted in PL 196.1565–1578.Google Scholar

⁷⁴ On the background of the conference and on the conference itself, consult Gallia Christiana 9.89; Mansi, J. D., Sacrorum conciliorum noua et amplissima collectio 21 (1776) 1161–1168; Reuter, Geschichte Alexanders des Dritien I 61–133, 192–198, 203–215, 518–521; Watterich, I. M., Pontificum Romanorum qui fuerunt inde ab exeunte saeculo IX usque ad finem saeculi XIII uitae 2 (Leipzig 1862) 516–530; Luchaire, Achille, ‘Le roi Louis VII et le pape Alexandre III,’ Séances et travaux de l'Académie des sciences morales et politiques, Institut de France: Compte rendu 147 (1897) 431–437; François de Laforgue, Alexandre III ou Rapports de ce pape avec la France aux débuts de la lutte du sacerdoce et de l'empire (Sens 1905) 43, 47, 49–56; Reichel, Ereignisse an der Saone; Ugo Balzani in The Cambridge Medieval History 5 (1926) 436; Giesebrecht, Geschichte der deutschen Kaiserzeit V 273–279; Preiss, Die politische Tätigkeit und Stellung der Cisterzienser 52; Knapke, P. J., Frederick Barbarossa's Conflict with the Papacy (Catholic University of America Studies in Sacred Theology 55; Washington, D. C. 1939) 71–72; Johannes Haller, Das Papsttum: Idee und Wirklichkeit III (Basel 1952) 163–173, 507–508. Haller's work acknowledges the historian's difficulty in reconstructing the St-Jean-de-Losne incident (p. 507): ‘Vorgeschichte und Geschichte der Tage von St. Jean de Losne sind schwer zu durchschauen.’ See also Pacaut, M., ‘Louis VII et Alexandre III (1159–1180),’ Revue d'histoire de l’Église de France 39 (1953) 6–22 and his Alexandre III 139; likewise the sources cited in notes 83 and 84 infra. Of no historical worth is the undocumented romantic narrative of Alexandre Troubat, ‘Barberousse et Louis VII à Saint-Jean-de-Losne: La journée du 22 septembre 1162,’ Revue de Bourgogne (1911) 135–146, 215–225.Google Scholar

⁷⁵ Ed. Weiland, (cit. supra n. 66) lines 26–31, 41–43.Google Scholar

⁷⁶ See PL 200.111 (letter of 7 April 1161), 136–137 (letter of 30 April 1162), 165–166 (letter of 1 August 1162), and 178 (letter of 26 October 1162).Google Scholar

⁷⁷ Helmhold, Chronica Slauorum 1.90 (91) (ed. Lappenberg, J. M. and revised by Schmeidler, B., MGH, In usum scholarum [1937] 176–177). Cf. also Chronicon Clarauallense a. 1166 (PL 185.1248) and Annales Palidenses a. 1162 (ed. Pertz, G. H., MGH, SS 16.92). On Cistercian support for Alexander III, see Preiss, , Die politische Tätigkeit und Stellung esp. 44 and 52; Leclercq, J., O.S.B., ‘Le témoignage de Geoffroy d'Auxerre sur la vie cistercienne,’ Analecta monastica 2 (Studia Anselmiana 31; Rome 1953) 198–200; idem, ‘Épitres d'Alexandre III sur les Cisterciens,’ Revue bénédictine 69 (1954) 68–70; and see Mahn, , L'Ordre cistercien 139–148, 241.Google Scholar

⁷⁸ Recueil des historiens des Gaules 16.178.Google Scholar

⁷⁸ PL 200.166.Google Scholar

⁸⁰ Gallia Christiana 9.89, Recueil des historiens des Gaules 16.31, and PL 196.1568–1569.Google Scholar

⁸¹ Iodocus (Ioscius) was bishop of Tours from 1157 to 1173. See Gallia Christiana 14 (1856) 89–92.Google Scholar

⁸² Hugo of Toucy was bishop of Sens from 1142 to 1168. See Gallia Christiana 12 (1770) 47–50.Google Scholar

⁸³ Pictavinus, Hugo, De libertate monasterii Vizeliacensis , ed. Waitz, G., MGH, SS 26.146–148, and Boso, Alexandri III uita, ed. Duchesne, L. in Le Liber Pontificalis II (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome; Paris 1892) 405–407. The Annales Colonienses maximi, ed. Pertz, K., MGH, SS 17.777, do not make it clear whether or not Louis engaged in the conference.Google Scholar

⁸⁴ Helmhold, , Chronica Slauorum 1.90 (91) (ed. Lappenberg-Schmeidler, 177–178).Google Scholar

⁸⁵ Balzani in Cambridge Medieval History 5.436.Google Scholar

⁸⁶ See Reichel, , Ereignisse an der Saone 5–15, for an evaluation of the medieval sources and particularly for his judgment about Hugo of Poitiers (p. 15): ‘Für unsere Arbeit bietet sein Werk umsomehr eine aüsserst wertvolle, wenn nicht die wertvollste Quelle.’ Cf. too Haller, Das Papsttum III 507: ‘Die besten Berichte enthalten die Hist. Vizeliacensis Hugos von Poitiers SS, 26, die Kölner Chronik …’Google Scholar

⁸⁷ PL 200.168. Unfortunately, Reichel's meticulous Ereignisse an der Saone I (cit. supra n. 70), intended as the first part of a larger work, only leads up to the Imperial conference.Google Scholar

⁸⁸ Luchaire, , op. cit. (n. 74 supra) 437.Google Scholar

⁸⁹ Pacaut, , Alexandre III (cit. supra n. 70) 59 n.: ‘il est permis d'espérer que le personnage sera un jour ou l'autre l'objet d'une étude.’Google Scholar