¹ Separate acknowledgment will be made of the help and information which we have received from numerous generous friends and colleagues; but at the outset we wish to record our gratitude for the continuing support of the Humanities Research Council of Canada for Edmund Colledge's researches, which has made possible the investigation of the many unpublished mediaeval manuscripts which are reported here.Google Scholar

² Jacobi a Voragine Legenda aurea (Dresden-Leipzig 1846).Google Scholar

³ De werkwijze van Jacobus de Voragine in de Legenda aurea (Diss. Amsterdam 1941) 148.Google Scholar

⁴ Ibid. 7.Google Scholar

⁵ ‘Caxton and the Synfulle Wretche,’ Traditio 4 (1946) 423–28.Google Scholar

⁶ Legenda aurea–Legende dorée–Golden Legend (Baltimore 1899).Google Scholar

⁷ Saints' Legends (Boston–New York 1916).Google Scholar

⁸ ‘The South English Legendary, Gilte Legende and Golden Legend,’ Braunschweiger anglistische Arbeiten 3 (1972).Google Scholar

⁹ ‘A Second Version of the Huntington Prose Legend of St. Ursula,’ Review of English Studies ns 29 (1973) 450–51.Google Scholar

¹⁰ ‘Caxton's Golden Legend and the Manuscripts of the Gilte Legende,’ Neuphilologische Mitteilungen 60 (1959) 353–75.Google Scholar

¹¹ This information is found on the vellum labels, in a contemporary hand, now inside the front and back boards of the nineteenth-century binding.Google Scholar

¹² The most recent (by no means enthusiastic) notice of this thirteenth-century translator is that by Knowles, Christine: ‘Jean de Vignay,’ in Pichard, Louis, ed., Dictionnaire des lettres français–Le Moyen Age (Paris 1964).Google Scholar

¹³ et (oura): om. P2.Google Scholar

¹⁴ a dieu: om. P2.Google Scholar

¹⁵ P1: Pancille; R: Pantille.Google Scholar

¹⁶ P2 R: par v^c. foiz.Google Scholar

¹⁷ Masai, F. and Wittek, M.: Manuscrits datés conservés en Belgique 1 (Brussels–Ghent 1968) no. 21.Google Scholar

¹⁸ ‘Summer half,’ ‘winter half,’ used of Legenda aurea manuscripts, are very general terms. Usually they will guarantee in which of a pair of volumes a legend will occur, but not, of course, what may have been omitted from it.Google Scholar

¹⁹ ei: OP: eam.Google Scholar

²⁰ paterna: OP: patria.Google Scholar

²¹ hec: OP: hoc.Google Scholar

²² Plautille: OP: Plantille.Google Scholar

²³ terram: OP: terra.Google Scholar

²⁴ quod: OP: qui.Google Scholar

²⁵ uel utrumque: om. O. Google Scholar

²⁶ ‘De oudste dietsche vertaling der Gulden Legende,’ Verslagen en Mededeelingen der Koninklijke Academie voor Taal- en Letterkunde (1923) 183–89.Google Scholar

²⁷ ‘De middelnederlandse vertalingen van de Legenda aurea van Jacobus de Voragine,’ Handelingen van het 22ste Philologencongres (Groningen 1952) 21–22.Google Scholar

²⁸ ‘Studien zur Legende der heiligen Maria Aegyptiaca im deutschen Sprachgebiet,’ Philologische Studien und Quellen 49 (1969).Google Scholar

²⁹ Middelnederlandse handschriften uit Europese en Amerikaanse bibliotheken ² (Leiden 1972) 200.Google Scholar

³⁰ Catalogus codicum manuscriptorum Bibliothecae Regiae: I: Libri theologici (The Hague 1922) 267.Google Scholar

³¹ BHL 6671.Google Scholar

³² Thirteenth-century, second half, formerly owned by Corpus Christi College, Oxford (f.1^r), where it was bound. This information was kindly supplied by Professor M. L. Colker of the University of Virginia.Google Scholar

³³ Ff. 151^v–156^v; called ‘13/14th cent., Italian’ by Mynors, R. A. B.: Catalogue of the Manuscripts of Balliol College Oxford (Oxford 1963) 226–30.Google Scholar

³⁴ See the Bollandists' Catalogus codicum hagiographicorum latinorum I (Brussels 1889) 237; they have a text in their Catalogus codicum hagiographicorum Bibliothecae Regiae Bruxellensis (Brussels 1889) I 309–13.Google Scholar

³⁵ add. Pa: enim.Google Scholar

³⁶ autem: om. Pa.Google Scholar

³⁷ Pa: ad Paulum.Google Scholar

³⁸ Ba: parare.Google Scholar

³⁹ apostolus: Ba Pa: Paulus.Google Scholar

⁴⁰ add. Ba Pa: suum.Google Scholar

⁴¹ add. Ba Pa: mi.Google Scholar

⁴² eos: om. Pa.Google Scholar

⁴³ sic: om. Ba.Google Scholar

⁴⁴ recens: Ba: sercen; Pa: sertem.Google Scholar

⁴⁵ Ba: fuerat.Google Scholar

⁴⁶ conduceretur: Ba: cum ducentur; Pa: cum duceretur.Google Scholar

⁴⁷ egrederetur: Du Ba: egredetur.Google Scholar

⁴⁸ illa: Ba: iam deum.Google Scholar

⁴⁹ Pauli: om. Ba.Google Scholar

⁵⁰ in ipso ictu: Du: ipso.Google Scholar

⁵¹ Ba Pa: explicuit; Du: explicauit.Google Scholar

⁵² in: ex Pa; om. Du.Google Scholar

⁵³ et collegit … ligauit: om. Ba; Pa: ligauitque.Google Scholar

⁵⁴ uelum: ex Pa; om. Du Ba.Google Scholar

⁵⁵ et: add. Ba: conuerso.Google Scholar

⁵⁶ militi: om. Ba Pa.Google Scholar

⁵⁷ meum: Pa: nostrum.Google Scholar

⁵⁸ Paulum: om. Ba Pa.Google Scholar

⁵⁹ add. Ba Pa: ibi.Google Scholar

⁶⁰ extra urbem: om. Pa.Google Scholar

⁶¹ uelata: Pa: ligata.Google Scholar

⁶² add. Ba Pa: autem.Google Scholar

⁶³ non: Ba Pa: nunc.Google Scholar

⁶⁴ et: om. Ba.Google Scholar

⁶⁵ sanguine: om. Ba.Google Scholar

⁶⁶ quamplures: Ba Pa: multi.Google Scholar

⁶⁷ domino: om. Ba.Google Scholar

⁶⁸ ‘A propos des légendiers latins’ AB 97 (1979) 57–68.Google Scholar

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⁷⁰ BHL 2178.Google Scholar

⁷¹ BHG 556.Google Scholar

⁷² Devos, Paul and Meyvaert, Paul, ‘La date de la première rédaction de la “Légende Italique,’” Cyrillo-Methodiana, Görresgesellschaft (1965) 57–71.Google Scholar

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⁷⁴ ‘Der heilige Dionysius, die Universität Paris und der französische Staat,’ Innsbrucker historische Studien 1 (1978) 9–31. We have only until now seen the abstract of this in Deutsches Archiv für Forschung des Mittelalters 35.2 (1979) 576–77, kindly communicated to us by Professor Julian Plante and Fr. Wilfred Theisen of the Hill Monastic Manuscript Library.Google Scholar

⁷⁵ ‘Le panégyrique de S. Denys l'Aréopagite par S. Michel le Synchelle,’ Mélanges Paul Peelers 2 Analecta Bollandiana 68 (1950) 94–107.Google Scholar

⁷⁶ Michael's chief biographical source is his Greek Life, BHG 1296.Google Scholar

⁷⁷ The earliest printed text is that of Adolf van Meetkercke or Merkerke, by Hubert Goltzius (Bruges 1565). We had hoped to use the text in MS Leiden University Library Vossii graecus 59, f. 179, an anthology of Greek fragments written in Italy c. a.d. 1500, and at one time owned by Christina of Sweden; but it proved to be too defective to serve our purposes. We are grateful to the Oxford University Press for permission to quote from the edition by Powell, J. U., Collectanea Alexandrina (Oxford 1925).Google Scholar

⁷⁸ See Classical Heritage, catalogue of an exhibition at the Fitzwilliam Museum (Cambridge 1978) no. 44. We aknowledge the permission of the Master and Fellows of Corpus Christi College, and the help of the Librarian and his staff, in obtaining and using this photograph.Google Scholar

⁷⁹ Conybeare, F. C., Philostratus: The Life of Apollonius of Tyana (Cambridge, Mass.–London 1919) 1.375.Google Scholar

⁸⁰ Ed. Powell, , 106–107.Google Scholar

⁸¹ Metamorphoses, ed. Anderson, W. S. (Leipzig 1877; repr. Norman, Oklahoma 1972) 252.Google Scholar

⁸² ‘Orphée et l'oracle de la tête coupée,’ Revue des études grecques 38 (1925) 44–69.Google Scholar

⁸³ ‘Nouvelles recherches sur un thème hagiographique: la céphalophorie,’ Analecta Bollandiana, Subsidia hagiographica 37 (Brussels 1963).Google Scholar

⁸⁴ Williams, Ifor, ed., Pedeir Keinc y Mabinogi (Cardiff 1930); and see also the excellent translation by Jones, Gwyn and Jones, Thomas, The Mabinogion (London 1949, 1974).Google Scholar

⁸⁵ Loomis, R. S., The Grail: From Celtic Myth to Christian Symbol (Cardiff–New York 1963) 141.Google Scholar

⁸⁶ Branwen Daughter of Llyr (Cardiff 1958) 91–98.Google Scholar

⁸⁷ We use what is still the most reliable text: Tolkien, J. R. R. and Gordon, E. V., Sir Gawain and the Green Knight ² rev. ed. Davis, Norman (Oxford 1967).Google Scholar

⁸⁸ Edd. Tolkien, and Gordon, 20.Google Scholar

⁸⁹ A Reading of ‘Sir Gawain and the Green Knight’ (London 1965) 190.Google Scholar

⁹⁰ The analogies with the San Miniato legend were kindly pointed out to us by Mrs. Margaret McGrath.Google Scholar

⁹¹ G. Melville Richards, in The Names of Towns and Cities in Britain, comp. Margaret Gelling, W. F. H. Nicolaisen and Melville Richards (London 1970). The writers are indebted, for information on Flintshire place-names, to Hywel Wyn Owen, and, through him, to the invaluable collection of Welsh place-name material formed by Melville Richards, and preserved through the generosity of Ethyn Melville Richards at the University College of North Wales as a memorial to this Celtic philologist, the foremost of our generation.Google Scholar

⁹² MS Munich Staatsbibliothek Clm 13029, f. 250^c, collated with Bodley 336 and BN latin 14648.Google Scholar

⁹³ See M. D. Knowles's account of Papebroch in Great Historical Enterprises (London 1963): ‘The Bollandists,’ 11–12.Google Scholar

⁹⁴ Francis Oppenheimer gives a lucid and convincing account of this process in The Legend of the Ste. Ampoule (London 1953).Google Scholar

⁹⁵ Martin Lechner in his article ‘Paulus’ in the Lexicon der christlichen Ikonographie reports the conventions, but does not know the relevant literature, and thinks that such representations show Paul, though decapitated, still at prayer as though death had not intervened.Google Scholar

⁹⁶ We are much in the debt of Dr. Isa Ragusa of the Princeton Index of Christian Art for the learned and exhaustive account with which she supplied us of ‘severed, speaking heads’ in mediaeval art, and especially for directing us to the Keble College miniature.Google Scholar

⁹⁷ See Parkes, M. B., The Medieval Manuscripts of Keble College Oxford (London 1979) xii–xiii, 227–42.Google Scholar

⁹⁸ Ibid., xiii.Google Scholar

⁹⁹ Die Malerschule von St. Florian: Forschungen zur Geschichte Oberösterreichs (Graz–Cologne 1962) 193–204. The miniature is also reproduced as fig. 362 by Hanns Swarzenski, Die lateinischen illuminierten Handschriften des XIII. Jahrhunderts in den Ländern an Rhein, Main und Donau (Berlin 1936) II; but the poor quality does no justice to the original.Google Scholar

¹⁰⁰ Plate 2. For permission to consult their MS 49, to have the minature photographed, and to reproduce it here, we are grateful to the Librarian, his staff, and the authorities of Keble College.Google Scholar

¹⁰¹ For this iconographical convention, see Colledge, Edmund and Walsh, James, edd., A Book of Showings to the Anchoress Julian of Norwich (2 vols.; Toronto 1978) 2.623 n. 33.Google Scholar

¹⁰² Von Abgeschiedenheit, ed. Quint, Josef, Meister Eckhart, Die deutschen Werke 5 (Stuttgart 1963) 416–18.Google Scholar