AMPA – α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid

ARC – anomalous retinal correspondence

BMI – binocular motion integration

BPEDS – Baltimore Pediatric Eye Study

CAM – Cambridge Vision Stimulator

CS – contrast sensitivity

EE – environmental enrichment

EEG – electroencephalography

FDA – US Food and Drug Administration

fMRI – functional magnetic resonance imaging

GABA – gamma-aminobutyric acid

HDAC – histone deacetylase inhibitor

HOTV – Pediatric eye chart in which only four letters are offered, and a child is allowed to match the letters with a card held in the lap

LEA – chart designed with symbols of a circle, square, apple, and house so that each symbol measures visual acuity similarly; designed for young children who do not know how to read letters

LogMAR – Logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution chart designed to enable a more accurate estimate of acuity as compared to other charts

LGN – lateral geniculate nucleus

MD – monocular deprivation

MFBF – monocular fixation in a binocular field

MT – region of the visual cortex (also called V5)

MEPEDS – Multi-ethnic Pediatric Eye Disease Study Group

NHP – non-human primates

NMDA – N-methyl-D-aspartate

OD – ocular dominance

PSD-95 – excitatory post-synaptic density protein

PEDIG – The Pediatric Eye Disease Investigator Group

PVS – pediatric vision scanner

RCTs – randomized clinical trials

SSRI – selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

SSVEP – steady state visually evoked potential

tDCS – transcranial direct current stimulation

TMS – transcranial magnetic stimulation

V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, etc. – regions of the visual cortex

VEP – visual evoked potential

VIP – vasoactive intestinal peptide

VIP-HIP – Vision in Preschoolers-Hyperopia in Preschoolers Study

VPA – valproate