The effects of twelve substituted dinitroaniline herbicides on soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr., ‘Corsoy’], velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic.), and giant foxtail (Setaria faberi Herrm.) were evaluated under field conditions in 1971 and 1972; and the relative persistence of herbicide residues in soil was determined by field bioassay. Of the herbicides tested, dinitramine (N 4,N 4-diethyl-α,α,α-trifluoro-3,5-dinitrotoluene-2,4-diamine), trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine), and benefin (N-butyl-N-ethyl-α,α,α-trifluoro-2, 6-dinitro-p-toluidine) reduced soybean stands in 1971. Only dinitramine reduced soybean stands in 1972 when applied in low rates, but all of the herbicides except CGA-10832 (N,N-propyl-N-cyclopropylmethyl-4-trifluoromethyl-2,6-dinitroaniline) and chlornidine [N,N(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro-4-methylaniline] reduced soybean stands at high rates. Overall, oryzalin (3,5-dinitro-N 4,N 4-dipropylsulfanilamide), dinitramine, and BAS-3921 H[N-propyl-N-(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro-4-trifluoromethylaniline] provided the best velvetleaf control; while trifluralin, benefin, CGA-10832, and BAS-3921 H produced the most satisfactory giant foxtail control. In 1972, residues of seven of the herbicides caused injury to oats planted over the plot area 355 days after the original herbicide application. The greatest oat injury was caused by trifluralin and oryzalin. Oats were not injured, however, from dinitramine residues when planted only 75 days after the herbicide application.