Hostname: page-component-7b7567c8c-fvjsw Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-11-15T04:43:35.422Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Weed Seed Populations in Ridge and Conventional Tillage

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Frank Forcella and
Michael J. Lindstrom
Frank Forcella
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS North Central Soil Conserv. Res. Lab., Morris, MN 56267
Michael J. Lindstrom
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS North Central Soil Conserv. Res. Lab., Morris, MN 56267
Get accessRights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Weed seed and seedling populations, and weed competition were compared in plots of continuous corn and corn/soybean rotation under ridge and conventional tillage. After 7 to 8 yr of standard chemical and mechanical weed control, from 1500 to 3000 weed seeds/m2 (to a 10-cm depth) were found in continuous corn with ridge tillage whereas about two-thirds fewer seeds were found in conventionally tilled corn. Soil from a corn/soybean rotation had from 200 to 700 seeds/m2 in both tillage systems. Annual loss of weed seeds from the soil through germination was from 3 to 12% in ridge tillage and 11 to 43% in conventional tillage. Additions to the seed pool were supplied by small weeds whose germination was stimulated by “layby” cultivation, with up to 10 times more emergence and 140 times more seed production in ridge than in conventional tillage. Withholding herbicides for 1 yr reduced yields of continuous corn by 10 to 27% in ridge tillage, only 2 to 4% in conventional tillage, and negligibly in corn/soybean rotations regardless of tillage. Reducing seed production of small layby weeds in ridge tillage may aid in solving the weed problem in this conservation tillage system.

Keywords

Corn, Zea mays L.soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.Buried seedsweed seed reservesreduced tillageconservation tillageSetaria viridisSETVI

Information

Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 36 , Issue 4 , July 1988, pp. 500 - 503
Copyright
Copyright © 1988 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Literature Cited

1. Allmaras, R. R. and Dowdy, R. H. 1985. Conservation tillage systems and their adoption in the United States. Soil Tillage Res. 5:197–222.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Burnside, O. C., Wicks, G. A., and Carlson, D. R. 1980. Control of weeds in an oat (Avena sativa) – soybean (Glycine max) ecofarming rotation. Weed Sci. 28:46–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3. Egley, G. H. 1986. Stimulation of weed seed germination in soil. Rev. Weed Sci. 2:67–89.Google Scholar
4. Forcella, F. 1984. A species-area curve for buried viable seeds. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 35:645–652.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Forcella, F. and Lindstrom, M. J. (1988). Movement and germination of weed seeds in ridge-till crop production systems. Weed Sci. 36:56–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Gebhardt, M. R., Daniel, T. C., Schweizer, E. E., and Allmaras, R. R. 1985. Conservation tillage. Science 230:625–630.Google Scholar
7. Griffith, D. R., Mannering, J. V., Galloway, H. M., Parsons, S. E., and Richey, C. B. 1973. Effect of eight tillage-planting systems on soil temperature, percent stand, plant growth, and yield of corn on five Indiana soils. Agron. J. 65:321–326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. King, R. P., Lybecker, D. W., Schweizer, E. E., and Zimdahl, R. L. 1986. Bioeconomic modeling to simulate weed control strategies for continuous corn (Zea mays). Weed Sci. 34:972–979.Google Scholar
9. Pareja, M. R., Staniforth, D. W., and Pareja, G. P. 1985. Distribution of weed seed among soil structural units. Weed Sci. 33:182–189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Wicks, G. A. 1977. Control of weeds with herbicides in stubble 10 months prior to planting corn or sorghum. Proc. North Cent. Weed Control Conf. 32:87–88.Google Scholar
11. Williams, J. L. and Wicks, G. A. 1978. Weed control problems associated with crop residue systems. Am. Soc. Agron. Spec. Pub. 31:165–172.Google Scholar
12. Wrunke, M. A. and Arnold, W. E. 1985. Weed species distribution as influenced by tillage and herbicides. Weed Sci. 33:853–856.Google Scholar