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Crowfootgrass (Dactyloctenium aegyptium)Germination and Response to Herbicides in the Philippines

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Bhagirath Singh Chauhan
Bhagirath Singh Chauhan*
Affiliation:
Crop and Environmental Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: b.chauhan@cgiar.org
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Abstract

Crowfootgrass, a C4 species, is one of the principal weeds ofdry-seeded rice in Asia. Weed management decisions for this species can bederived from knowledge of its seed germination biology. Experiments wereconducted in the laboratory and screenhouse to determine the effects oflight, alternating day/night temperatures, water stress, seed burial depth,and rice residue on seed germination and seedling emergence of crowfootgrassand to evaluate the response of this weed to commonly available selectivePOST herbicides in the Philippines. Light stimulated seed germination, butit was not an absolute requirement for germination. Germination in thelight/dark regime was greater at alternating day/night temperatures of 25/15C (92%) than at 30/20 (70%) or 35/25 C (44%). The osmotic potential requiredfor 50% inhibition of maximum germination was −0.23 MPa, although some seedsgerminated at −0.6 MPa. Seedling emergence was greatest for the seeds placedon the soil surface (64%), and emergence declined with increased burialdepth in soil. No seedlings emerged from a burial depth of 6 cm or greater.Seedling emergence of crowfootgrass was reduced by the addition of riceresidue to the soil surface at rates equivalent to 4 to 6 Mgha−1. Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + ethoxysulfuron at 45 g ai ha−1 provided excellent control of crowfootgrass when appliedat the four- (99%) and six-leaf (86%) stage. The information gained fromthis study could contribute to developing components of integrated weedmanagement strategies for crowfootgrass. Soil inversion by tillage to buryweed seeds below their maximum depth of emergence, use of crop residue asmulch, and early application of an effective POST herbicide could serve asimportant tools for managing crowfootgrass.

Keywords

Bispyribac-sodiumfenoxaprop-p-ethyl +ethoxysulfuronpenoxsulam +cyhalofopcrowfootgrass, Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd.DTTAErice, Oryza sativa LLighttemperaturewater stressburial depthresidueleaf stage

Information

Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 59 , Issue 4 , December 2011, pp. 512 - 516
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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