Hostname: page-component-7b7567c8c-7pwfn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-11-12T05:03:06.208Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

2,4-D Interactions with Glyphosate and Sodium Bicarbonate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Kurt D. Thelen,
Evelyn P. Jackson and
Donald Penner
Kurt D. Thelen
Affiliation:
Michigan Dep. Agric., P.O. Box 30017, Lansing, MI 48909
Evelyn P. Jackson
Affiliation:
Dep. Chemistry and Max T. Rogers NMR Facility
Donald Penner
Affiliation:
Dep. Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI 48824
Get accessRights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

2,4-D has been reported to antagonize glyphosate activity on grass weed species. In addition, sodium bicarbonate antagonized 2,4-D activity on broadleaf species. Experiments were conducted using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technology to evaluate interactions of 2,4-D dimethylamine and 2,4-D butoxyethylester formulations with glyphosate in solution. The 2,4-D dimethylamine formulation associated with glyphosate to form the dimethylamine salt of glyphosate. NMR spectra also showed that the molecular orientation of the glyphosate molecule was affected by the 2,4-D butoxyethylester formulation. The antagonist was not the active 2,4-D butoxyethylester molecule itself, but appeared to be due to an association of glyphosate with organic components in the 2,4-D butoxyethylester formulation. The molecular influence of sodium bicarbonate on technical grade 2,4-D free acid, and dimethylamine and butoxyethylester formulations was also evaluated. Sodium bicarbonate was found to react with the 2,4-D free acid and 2,4-D dimethylamine to form the sodium salt of 2,4-D. The 2,4-D butoxyethylester formulation did not react with sodium bicarbonate.

Keywords

2,4-D, (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acidglyphosate, N-(phosphonomethyl)glycineAntagonismfoliar absorptionherbicide interactionnuclear magnetic resonanceNMRtank mixture

Information

Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 9 , Issue 2 , June 1995, pp. 301 - 305
Copyright
Copyright © 1995 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Literature Cited

1. Clausen, M., Leier, G., and Witte, I. 1990. Comparison of the cytotoxicity and DNA damaging properties of 2,4-D and U 46 D fluid (dimethylammonium salt of 2,4-D). Arch. Toxicol. 64:497–501.Google Scholar
2. Flint, J. L. and Barrett, M. 1989. Antagonism of glyphosate toxicity to johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) by 2,4-D and dicamba. Weed Sci. 37:700–705.Google Scholar
3. Nalewaja, J. D. and Matysiak, R. 1992. 2,4-D and salt combinations affect glyphosate phytotoxicity. Weed Technol. 6:322–327.Google Scholar
4. Nalewaja, J. D., Woznica, Z., and Manthey, F. A. 1990. Sodium bicarbonate antagonism of 2,4-D amine. Weed Technol. 4:588–591.Google Scholar
5. O'Sullivan, P. A. and O'Donovan, J. T. 1980. Interactions between glyphosate and various herbicides for broadleaved weed control. Weed Res. 10:255–260.Google Scholar
6. O'Sullivan, P. A., O'Donovan, J. T., and Hamman, W. M. 1981. Influence of non-ionic surfactants, ammonium sulfate, water quality and spray volume on the phytotoxicity of glyphosate. Can. J. Plant Sci. 61:391–400.Google Scholar
7. Sexsmith, J. Y. 1953. Nutrient element addition to 2,4-D sprays. Res. Rep. North Cent. Weed Control Conf. 10:57–58.Google Scholar
8. Szabo, S. S. and Buchholtz, K. P. 1961. Penetration of living and nonliving surfaces by 2,4-D as influenced by ionic additives. Weeds 9:177–184.Google Scholar
9. Thelen, K. D., Jackson, E. P., and Penner, D. The basis for the hard-water antagonism of glyphosate activity. Weed Sci. (in press).Google Scholar
10. USEPA Environmental Fate One Liner Data Base. 1991. Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington D.C. 20460.Google Scholar