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Preemergence and Postemergence Suppression of Kochia on Rights-of-Way

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Kirsten L. Lloyd,
Jon M. Johnson,
Arthur E. Gover and
James C. Sellmer
Kirsten L. Lloyd
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Pennsylvania State University, 102 Tyson Building, University Park, PA 16802
Jon M. Johnson
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Pennsylvania State University, 102 Tyson Building, University Park, PA 16802
Arthur E. Gover
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Pennsylvania State University, 102 Tyson Building, University Park, PA 16802
James C. Sellmer*
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Pennsylvania State University, 102 Tyson Building, University Park, PA 16802
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: jcs32@psu.edu.
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Abstract

Kochia poses a challenge to vegetation management in both agricultural and noncrop areas. This species has developed widespread resistance to several herbicides with differing modes of action, including acetolactate synthase inhibitors and photosynthesis inhibitors. Resistance is also beginning to appear against the synthetic auxins and glycines. Therefore, alternative PRE and POST herbicides are needed for effective kochia management, especially in roadside bare-ground zones. Both PRE and POST herbicides were screened on rights-of-way in Pennsylvania. Mixtures containing diuron, flumioxazin, sulfentrazone, pendimethalin, prodiamine, and bromacil were evaluated for PRE activity in combination with glyphosate. POST kochia control was assessed for 15 noncrop herbicides. Results from all trials varied with kochia size and vigor at time of treatment. Although diuron is the current industry standard for PRE control in tank mixes, sulfentrazone appeared to have the most POST activity against vigorously growing kochia. All PRE herbicides evaluated performed better than the standard, sulfometuron plus chlorsulfuron alone. Dicamba, dicamba plus diflufenzopyr, fluroxypyr, and glyphosate performed best against kochia when applied POST. The recently available chemistries saflufenacil and aminocyclopyrachlor require further evaluation of application timing and use rates, respectively, for POST activity on kochia.

Kochia scoparia representa un reto para el manejo de la vegetación en áreas agrícolas y no agrícolas. Esta especie ha desarrollado resistencia generalizada a varios herbicidas con diferentes modos de acción que incluyen los inhibidores de la acetolactate synthase y de la fotosíntesis. También empieza a aparecer resistencia a auxinas sintéticas y glicinas. Por lo tanto, herbicidas alternativos PRE y POST son necesarios para un manejo efectivo de K. scoparia, especialmente en zonas con suelo desnudo en los bordes de caminos. Herbicidas PRE Y POST se evaluaron en caminos de acceso en Pennsylvania, donde mezclas de diuron, flumioxazin, sulfentrazone, pendimethalin, prodiamine y bromacil, se examinaron en cuanto a su actividad PRE, en combinación con glyphosate. El control POST de K. scoparia se evaluó con 15 herbicidas no agrícolas. Los resultados de todos los estudios variaron según el tamaño y el vigor de la maleza al momento del tratamiento. Mientras el diuron es actualmente el estándar recomendado por la industria para el control PRE en mezclas en tanque, sulfentrazone parece tener la mayor actividad POST en plantas de K. scoparia con crecimiento vigoroso. Todos los herbicidas PRE estudiados tuvieron un mejor desempeño que la mezcla estándar de sulfometuron más chlorsulfuron. Dicamba, dicamba más diflufenzopyr, fluroxypyr y glyphosate, tuvieron mejores resultados en contra de K. scoparia cuando se aplicaron POST. Las sustancias químicas recientemente disponibles, saflufenacil y aminocyclopyrachlor, requieren de mayor investigación para determinar los momentos de aplicación y las dosis, respectivamente, para su actividad POST en K. scoparia.

Keywords

Aminocyclopyrachlor, 6-amino-5-chloro-2-cyclopropyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acidbromacilchlorsulfurondiflufenzopyr, 2-(1-[([3,5-difluorophenylamino] carbonyl)-hydrazono]ethyl)-3-pyridinecarboxylic aciddicambadiuronflumioxazinfluroxypyrglyphosatependimethalinprodiaminesaflufenacil, 2-chloro-5-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-4-fluoro-N-[[methyl(1-methylethyl)amino]sulfonyl]benzamidesulfentrazonesulfometuronkochia, Kochia scoparia (L.) SchradBare groundherbicide resistancenoncrop areasroadsidevegetation management

Information

Type
Notes
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 25 , Issue 2 , June 2011, pp. 292 - 297
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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