Seedbed preparation was completed about October 15, just before the fall rains. Four herbicide treatments, 1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium salt (paraquat), 6,7-dihydrodipyrido(1,2-a:2’,1′-c)pyrazidiinium salt (diquat), isopropyl N-phenylcarbamate (IPC) + butoxyethanol ester of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and 3-amino-l,2,4-triazole + ammonium thiocyanate (amitrole-T) were successfully applied before Janaury 15 for control of weeds and volunteer crop plants. Grasses for seed production were sown in March without disturbing the soil. An application of paraquat at seeding greatly increased subsequent seed yields. Little additional germination of contaminating weed grasses occurred after the grasses were planted and they became established rapidly. By the following October most species could be treated with 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (diuron) to control winter annual weeds. Where weeds were thus effectively controlled during the establishment period, excellent stands resulted which produced high yields of weed-free seed in the first year of seed production.