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The Multinational Enterprise as Symbol

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 September 2018

Raymond Vemon
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The world we are obliged to inhabit, it sometimes seems, is being managed by a deity with an exceedingly wry sense of humor. This is the century in Which national governments have taken on the novel and difficult task of actively trying to promote the welfare of ordinary people. It is also the century in which technological forces have been pushing the individual states together and sharply reducing their autonomy. The multinational enterprise epitomizes the conflict. Created in part as a result of the technological forces, responding to the new opportunities those forces have generated, the multinational enterprise is widely seen as threatening the autonomy of the nation-state.

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Worldview , Volume 20 , Issue 5 , May 1977 , pp. 37 - 43
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Copyright © Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs 1977

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References

1. American Telephone and Telegraph Co., "The Telephone in America" (1971). p. 15; Mabon, Prescott C. Mission Communications: The Storx of Bell Laboratories (Murrav Hill. N.J., 1975), pp. 30 Google Scholar. 37. 71.

2. Turn, Rein, Computers in the IMO's (New York. 1974). pp. 53–59 Google Scholar.

3. The data are from various editions of World A ir Transport Statistics, published by the International Air Transport Association.

4. Operating expenses are based on U.S. experience, reported in U.S. Civil Aeronautics Board annuals. Handbook of Airline Statistics.

5. Kuderle, R.T.. Agricultural Tractors: A World Industry Study (Cambridge. Mass.. 1975). pp. 141–52 Google Scholar.

6. A.J., Surrey and Chesshire, J.H.. The World Markei for Electric Power Equipment (Brighton. U.K.. 1972). pp 22 Google Scholar. 31.

7. See Rosenberg, Nathan. "Introduction." in The American System of Manufactures. edited by Rosenberg (Edinburgh. 1969)Google Scholar; and Christopher Freeman. "Process Plant: Innovation and the World Market," National Institute Economic Review (August. 1968), pp. 40. 50.

8. See. for instance. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, International Trade. 1974/1975 (Geneva. 1975). p. 2, also Cooper, R.N.. The Economics of Interdependence (New York. 1968), pp. 59–63 Google Scholar; and Assar Lindbeck. "The Changing Role of the Nation State," Kyklos (1975), pp. 28-46.

9. See. for instance. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). 77ic Chemical lndusiry. 1967-68 (Paris. 1968), pp. 35-37; OECD. Policy Perspectives for International Trade and Economic Relations (Paris. 1972). p. 147; and General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). International Trade, 1967 (Geneva. 1968). pp 31-75.

10. UNCTAD. Proceedings. Third Session. New York. 1973. TD/180. Vol. 111. pp. 113-16

11. For a review of Indian experience see National Council of Applied Economic Research. Foreign Technology and Investment (New Delhi. 1971).

12. For India the trend is well described in Ranadav Banerp. Exports of Manufactures From India (Tubingen. Germany. 1975). See also GATT, International Trade. 197.1 (Geneva. 1974). pp. 104-40.

13. Banerji. p. 116.

14. Federal Reserve Board, reproduced in A.F. Brimmer and F.R. Dahl, "Growth of American International Banking: Implications for Public Policy." Journal of Finance (Mar. 1975). p. 345.

15. Forbes (July 1. 1974) See also The Economist (February 16, 1976), special survey on international banking. Federal Reserve Bank of New York, Monthly Review (June. 1973), pp 140-54; and testimony of Andrew Brimmer. Subcommittee on Financial Institutions. Committee on Banking. Currencv. and Housing, H. R e p , 94th Cong.. IstSess.. Decembers. 1975.