² Charred grains of bread and macaroni wheat are not easily separable.

³ Jones, G., ‘Agricultural practice in Greek prehistory’, BSA 82 (1987), 115–23Google Scholar; Wardle, K. A., ‘Excavations at Assiros Toumba 1986: a preliminary report’, BSA 82 (1987), 313–29Google Scholar; id., ‘Excavations at Assiros Toumba 1988: a preliminary report’, BSA 84 (1989), 447–63.

⁴ Ventris, M. and Chadwick, J., Documents in Mycenaean Greek (2nd edn; Cambridge, 1973), 131.Google Scholar

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⁶ At Assiros and Knossos Unexplored Mansion: Jones (n. 3).

⁷ Percival, J., The Wheat Plant (London, 1974), 174, 191, 330.Google Scholar

⁸ Percival (n. 7), 427: 1 bushel (36. 4 litres) of bread wheat grain = 63 lbs.

⁹ Psychogios, D. K., Προίϰες φόροί, σταφίδα ϰαι ψωμί: οίϰονομία ϰαι οιϰογένεία στην αγροτιϰή Ελλάδα του 19 αιώνα (Athens, 1987), 26Google Scholar, table 1.1.1; also Wagstaff, M. and Augustson, S., ‘Traditional land use’, in Renfrew, C. and Wagstaff, M. (eds), An Island Polity (Cambridge, 1982), 106–33Google Scholar, esp. 126–7; Asdrachas, S., Μηχανισμοί της αγροτιϰής οιϰονομίας στην Τουρϰοϰρατεία (Athens, 1978), 49Google Scholar: 20–22 okes (26–28 kg) = 1 kilo politiko (c.36 litres: Davis, J. L., ‘Contributions to a mediterranean rural archaeology: historical case studies from the Ottoman Cyclades’, Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology, 4 (1991), 131–215, esp. 167, table 4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

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¹² Psychogios (n. 9), 26, table 1.1.1; Asdrachas (n. 9), 49. Wagstaff and Augustson (n. 9), 126; Foxhall and Forbes (n. 10), 43.

¹³ At Assiros: G. Jones, pers. comm.

¹⁴ Mrs Kelly Carey of A. Poortman (London), Ltd, kindly supplied asample of broomcorn millet in the hull; the figure for fully cleaned broomcorn millet grain is 81 kg/100 litres.

¹⁵ Psychogios (n. 9), 26, table 1.1.1. Halstead, P. and Jones, G., ‘Agrarian ecology in the Greek islands’, JHS 109 (1989), 41–55CrossRefGoogle Scholar, esp. 46, report higher figures from Amorgos than the other authors cited here, but the relative density of different crops is much the same.

¹⁶ Palmer (n. 5).

¹⁷ Cf. Hillman, G. C., ‘Traditional husbandry and processing of archaic cereals in recent times: part 1, the glume wheats’, Bulletin on Sumerian Agriculture, 1 (1984), 114–52Google Scholar; id., ‘Traditional husbandry and processing of archaic cereals in recent times: part 2, the free-threshing cereals’, ibid. 2 (1985), 1–31.

¹⁸ Palmer (n. 5), 487–90.

¹⁹ Jones, G. and Halstead, P., ‘An early find of “fava” from Thebes’, BSA 88 (1993), 103 4Google Scholar; Sarpaki, A., ‘“Small fields or big fields?” That is the question’, in Hardy, D. A. (ed.), Thera and the Aegean World, iii. 2: Earth Sciences (London, 1990), 422–32, esp. 425.Google Scholar

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²⁴ Halstead, P., ‘Agriculture in the bronze age Aegean: towards a model of palatial economy’, in Wells, B. (ed.), Agriculture in Ancient Greece (Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium at the Swedish Institute at Athens) (Skrifter utgivna av Svenska Institutet i Athen, series in 410, 42; Stockholm), 105–16.Google Scholar

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²⁶ Palmer (n. 5), esp. 482–3.

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²⁸ At the Ste.-Agricole experimental station, Savoillan, near Sault, Haute-Provence, visited by the author with Dr M. Charles and Dr G. Jones; I am grateful to M.J.-F. Devaux for making this visit possible.

²⁹ Palmer (n. 5), 485–6.

³⁰ Palmer (n. 5), 481.

³¹ Iakovidis, S., ‘The Mycenaean fortress of Gla’, in Olivier (n. 5), 607 15.Google Scholar

³² Halstead, P., ‘The Mycenaean palatial economy: making the most of the gaps in the evidence’, PCPS 38 (1992), 57–86.Google Scholar A similar discrepancy between a diversified archaeobotanical record and a highly specialized documentary record is evident in 3rd-millennium BC Mesopotamia and may be interpretable in similar terms: id., ‘Quantifying Sumerian agriculture: some seeds of doubt and hope’, Bulletin on Sumerian Agriculture, 5 (1990), 187–95.