This book provides a comprehensive update of the book “Buffalo Production and Research” published in 2005. Several senior researchers devoted to the development and promotion of buffalos contributed to it. The editor dedicates it to the presidents and members of the International Buffalo Federation, who organized every three years the World Buffalo Congresses from his foundation in Egypt on 1985 onwards. Four chapters offer a good overview on buffalo populations almost all over the world, their management and products and recent technological developments including suggestions for their use for a sustainable management of buffalos. The last chapter describes international organisations dealing with management and development of buffalos and provides the interested reader with names and even contact addresses.